Part:BBa_K2560013

Phytobrick version of BBa_B0031

This is the Phytobrick version of the ribosome binding site BBa_B0031 and was build as a part of the Marburg Collection. Instructions of how to use the Marburg Collection are provided at the bottom of the page.

Overview

The ribosome binding site (RBS) is a short sequence upstream the transcription start. It can be identified easily by the typical Shine-Dalgarno sequence that pairs with the anti Shine-Dalgarno sequence at the 3’ end of the 16S rRNA ( Smit MH and Duin J van., 1993). The effectiveness of this sequence is determined by its base-pairing potential to the ribosome and its spacing from the start codon ( Smit MH and Duin J van., 1994). The presence of the RBS is crucial for protein translation.

Characterization

Figure 1: RBS strength measured with sfGFP.
Test constructs were built with the same parts except for the RBS part. The sample "Empty" represents V. natriegens with a plasmid without a sfGFP reporter. The error bars indicate the standard deviation of four technical replicates.

For quantifying the RBS strengths, unfortunately, we could not use our favorite reporter the lux operon because in case of this operon, each CDS possesses its own RBS. Therefore, replacing the RBS upstream of the first CDS (LuxA) alone does not suffice to achieve a difference in reporter expression dependent on the RBS strength. Consequently we used sfGFP, the reporter that showed the second best performance in our initial reporter experiment (Link to Measurement).

We built test constructs that are identical in all used parts except for the used RBS. The resulting data are shown in figure 1. The sample labeled with “empty” represents V. natriegens with a plasmid without a reporter. Apparently, the difference between the tested constructs expressing sfGFP in different amounts does not differ much from the non expressing control. However, it is possible to obtain some information about the order of the tested RBS. The strongest signal was observed for B0034 followed by B0030. These RBS are also described as strong in the iGEM registry. In case of B0031 and B0032, the measured signal is lower than for the non-sfGFP expressing strain. Therefore no conclusion can be provided for these two parts.

We expected that the order of the strength of the tested RBS should be similar to E. coli. Prior to the experiment, we created an alignment of the 16S rRNA of both organisms and found that the Anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence, the bases that are responsible for binding the Shine-Dalgarno sequence on the mRNA, do not differ between both organisms (figure 2).

Figure 2: Alignment of 16S rRNA of E.coli MG1655 and V. natriegens ATCC14048.
The Anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequences is indicated with an additional annotation. The 3' sequence of the 16S rRNA does not differ between both organism.

On the measurement page (Link to Measurement). we suggested the lux operon as the reporter of choice for all experiments that focus on measuring transcriptional activity . We see the RBS characterization as the confirmation that using sfGFP as reporter does not yield reliable data for very weak expression.
In future experiments, enzymatic reporters such as LacZ or β-glucuronidase (GUS) could be tested for their suitability in experiments for the quantification of translational efficiency or post translational effects (e.g. degradation tags)