Coding

Part:BBa_K1982002

Designed by: Zexu Li   Group: iGEM16_NEU-China   (2016-09-11)


Prokaryotic Cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) ( a blue light stimulated photoreceptor)

CRY2
Function blue light stimulated photoreceptor
RFC standard RFC 10
Backbone pSB1C3
Organism Arabidopsis thaliana
Source Arabidopsis thaliana
Submitted by [http://2016.igem.org/Team:NEU-China NEU-China 2016]



Cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) is a blue light stimulated photoreceptor, when exposed to blue light, it would interact withthe N-terminal fragment of CIB1 (CIBN) . This part is full-length CRY2 CDS.

Optogenetic systems enable precise spatial and temporal control of cell behavior. A light-activated CRISPR/Cas9 effector (LACE) system that induces transcription of endogenous genes in the presence of blue light.This was accomplished by fusing the light-inducible heterodimerizing proteins CRY2 and CIB1 to a transactivation domain and the catalytically inactive tCas9, respectively. The versatile LACE system can be easily directed to new DNA sequences for the dynamic regulation of endogenous genes[1].


Usage and Biology

Protein data table for BioBrick BBa_ automatically created by the BioBrick-AutoAnnotator version 1.0
Nucleotide sequence in RFC 10: (underlined part encodes the protein)
 ATGAAGATG ... GGTTGCAAATAATAA
 ORF from nucleotide position 1 to 1836 (excluding stop-codon)
Amino acid sequence: (RFC 25 scars in shown in bold, other sequence features underlined; both given below)

101 
201 
301 
401 
501 
601 
MKMDKKTIVWFRRDLRIEDNPALAAAAHEGSVFPVFIWCPEEEGQFYPGRASRWWMKQSLAHLSQSLKALGSDLTLIKTHNTISAILDCIRVTGATKVVF
NHLYDPVSLVRDHTVKEKLVERGISVQSYNGDLLYEPWEIYCEKGKPFTSFNSYWKKCLDMSIESVMLPPPWRLMPITAAAEAIWACSIEELGLENEAEK
PSNALLTRAWSPGWSNADKLLNEFIEKQLIDYAKNSKKVVGNCTSLLSPYLHFGEISVRHVFQCARMKQIIWARDKNSEGEESADLFLRGIGLREYSRYI
CFNFPFTHEQSLLSHLRFFPWDADVDKFKAWRQGRTGYPLVDAGMRELWATGWMHNRIRVIVSSFAVKFLLLPWKWGMKYFWDTLLDADLECDILGWQYI
SGSIPDGHELDRLDNPALQGAKYDPEGEYIRQWLPELARLPTEWIHHPWDAPLTVLKASGVELGTNYAKPIVDIDTARELLAKAISRTREAQIMIGAAPD
EIVADSFEALGANTIKEPGLCPSVSSNDQQVPSAVRYNGSKRVKPEEEEERDMKKSRGFDERELFSTAESSSSSSVFFVSQSCSLASEGKNLEGIQDSSD
QITTSLGKNGCK*
Sequence features: (with their position in the amino acid sequence, see the list of supported features)
None of the supported features appeared in the sequence
Amino acid composition:
Ala (A)47 (7.7%)
Arg (R)33 (5.4%)
Asn (N)21 (3.4%)
Asp (D)35 (5.7%)
Cys (C)12 (2.0%)
Gln (Q)18 (2.9%)
Glu (E)48 (7.8%)
Gly (G)36 (5.9%)
His (H)13 (2.1%)
Ile (I)36 (5.9%)
Leu (L)59 (9.6%)
Lys (K)38 (6.2%)
Met (M)12 (2.0%)
Phe (F)25 (4.1%)
Pro (P)31 (5.1%)
Ser (S)54 (8.8%)
Thr (T)24 (3.9%)
Trp (W)22 (3.6%)
Tyr (Y)17 (2.8%)
Val (V)31 (5.1%)
Amino acid counting
Total number:612
Positively charged (Arg+Lys):71 (11.6%)
Negatively charged (Asp+Glu):83 (13.6%)
Aromatic (Phe+His+Try+Tyr):77 (12.6%)
Biochemical parameters
Atomic composition:C3125H4814N836O913S24
Molecular mass [Da]:69473.1
Theoretical pI:5.69
Extinction coefficient at 280 nm [M-1 cm-1]:146330 / 147080 (all Cys red/ox)
Plot for hydrophobicity, charge, predicted secondary structure, solvent accessability, transmembrane helices and disulfid bridges 
Codon usage
Organism:E. coliB. subtilisS. cerevisiaeA. thalianaP. patensMammals
Codon quality (CAI):good (0.69)good (0.73)good (0.69)good (0.78)good (0.80)good (0.67)
Alignments (obtained from PredictProtein.org)
   There were no alignments for this protein in the data base. The BLAST search was initialized and should be ready in a few hours.
Predictions (obtained from PredictProtein.org)
   There were no predictions for this protein in the data base. The prediction was initialized and should be ready in a few hours.
The BioBrick-AutoAnnotator was created by TU-Munich 2013 iGEM team. For more information please see the documentation.
If you have any questions, comments or suggestions, please leave us a comment.

Proof of function

Verification of the suppression efficiency of gRNA
With different target loci have been tested by the usage of a GFP reporter plasmid(pCold-1) with a CSPA promotor. The target sites can be determined by directing the gRNA consisting of 20 bp length against the desired sequence of interest. F2 gRNA with target sites at different distances to the promotor regions proved successfully as potential activation sites (see Table 1 and Figure 3).

Name Binding Site Distance to promoter Sequence Position
F1 CSPA promoter 15 TGCATCACCCGCCAATGCG sense sequences
F2 non-coding 68 GCCGCCGCAAGGAATGGTG sense sequences
R1 CSPA promoter 43 ATTAATCATAAATATGAAA antisense sequences
R2 non-coding 94 CATCATCCAACTCCGGCAAC antisense sequences

Table 1: Overview of the tested gRNAs with different binding sites on the GFP pCold-1 plasmid.

Figure 3: Position of the target loci on the GFP pCold-1 plasmid.

To ensure the suppression efficiency of the gRNA, four gRNA sequences targeting different sites of CSPA promoter were designed and transfected into the E. coli strains BL21. Efficient suppression of CSPA promoter in strains BL21 was observed. GFP levels in GFP transgenic strains decrease after inserting a fragment that expresses CSPA promoter gRNA. And the sequence with the best suppression effect was selected for further study.

Figure 4: Results of the GFP-influence under the CSPA promotor
only using different gRNAs targeted to CSPA promoter in BL21..

1-8: transfected with different GFP-gRNA plasmid (CSPA promoter) 9:Control group transfected with GFP plasmid,~27 kDa. Excitation wavelength: 488 nm, Emission wavelength: 509nm. Stationary cultures of BL21 was subcultured into fresh media and growth for 8 hours (1 3 5 7 9) or 16 hours (2 4 6 8) at 30°C. 30ng of protein with total volume of 30ul (protein sample + dissociation buffer).

Silencing capability validation

We next evaluated the effect of tCas9-cibn on suppressing CSPA promoter. GFP expression levels were assayed in strains BL21 after co-transformation with tCas9-cibn and gRNA.

Figure 5: Silencing capability of tCas9-CIBN with gRNA
using different gRNAs targeted to CSPA promoter in BL21.

1-8: transfected with different GFP-gRNA plasmid (CSPA promoter) and tCas9-CIBN plasmid(pBAD promoter)
9 10:Control groups transfected with GFP plasmid and tCas9-CIBN plasmid(pBAD promoter), ~27 kDa. Excitation wavelength: 488 nm, Emission wavelength: 509nm. Stationary cultures of BL21 was subcultured into fresh media and growth for 8 hours (1 3 5 7 9) or 16 hours (2 4 6 8 10) using 15mM L-arabinose at 30°C. 30ng of protein with total volume of 30ul (protein sample + dissociation buffer).

Compared with control groups, green fluorescence intensity and mRNA levels were dramatically reduced in groups treated with gRNA and tCas9-cibn. These results suggest that gRNA can specifically guide tCas9 to target upstream of CSPA promoter, thereby to inhibit CSPA promoter to reduce GFP expression levels.

Activation of a fluorescence reporter

Spatially controlled activation of gene expression was achieved in strains co-transfected with the LACE system, a reporter vector containing a gRNA target sequence upstream of CSPA promoter and the eGFP gene. Strains transfected with light-activated CRISPR/Cas9 effector (LACE) and incubated in the dark did not show a significant difference in eGFP levels compared to control groups transfected with empty plasmid. Strains containing the LACE system and gRNA exhibited significantly brighter eGFP fluorescence intensity when illuminated compared to when incubated in the dark.Activation of the eGFP reporter in strains transfected with the gRNA and LACE constructs, the gRNA and tCas9-VP64 expression plasmid or an empty plasmid as a negative control was quantified after 24 hours of illumination or incubation in the dark.

Figure 6: Activation capability of LACE system using gRNA-F2 plasmid and tCas9-CIBN plasmid in BL21.
Excitation wavelength: 488 nm, Emission wavelength: 509nm. Stationary cultures of BL21 was subcultured into fresh media and growth for 8 hours using 15mM L-arabinose at 30°C.


Proof of expression

Stationary cultures of BL21 J23114 was subcultured into fresh media and growth for 4 hours. Subsequent Extraction of protein from Bacterial and visualization using SDS-PAGE confirms that proteins of the expected size are present in the supernatant and hence most likely successfully secreted by the engineered bacterial strains.

Figure 7: Western blot analysis of CRY2-VP64 protein levels.
1:Control groups transfected with empty plasmid; 2 3 4:transfected with CRY2-VP64 plasmid (J23114 promoter) from different single colonies, ~78.5 kDa. Stationary cultures of BL21 was subcultured into fresh media and growth for 4 hours at 30°C. 30ng of protein with total volume of 30ul (protein sample + dissociation buffer).


Sequence and Features


Assembly Compatibility:
  • 10
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
  • 12
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
  • 21
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
    Illegal BglII site found at 411
    Illegal BglII site found at 870
    Illegal BamHI site found at 1349
  • 23
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
  • 25
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
    Illegal AgeI site found at 295
    Illegal AgeI site found at 1024
  • 1000
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]
    Illegal BsaI site found at 647
    Illegal BsaI.rc site found at 56
    Illegal SapI.rc site found at 164

[1] Westra E.R., Swarts D.C., Staals R.H., Jore M.M., Brouns S.J., van der Oost J. (2012). The CRISPRs, they are a-changin': how prokaryotes generate adaptive immunity. Annu Rev Genet. 46, 311-39

[2] Mali P., Yang L., Esvelt K.M., Aach J., Guell M., DiCarlo J.E., Norville J.E., Church G.M. (2013). RNA-guided human genome engineering via Cas9. Science 339(6121), 823-6

[3] Jiang W., Bikard D., Cox D., Zhang F., Marraffini L.A. (2013). RNA-guided editing of bacterial genomes using CRISPR-Cas systems. Nat Biotechnol. 31(3), 233-9

[4] Cong, L., Ran, F.A., Cox, D., Lin, S., Barretto, R., Habib, N., Hsu, P.D., Wu, X., Jiang, W., Marraffini, L.A., Zhang, F. (2013). Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems. Science 339 (6121), 819-23

[5] Qi L.S., Larson M.H., Gilbert L.A., Doudna J.A., Weissman J.S., Arkin A.P., Lim W.A. (2013). Repurposing CRISPR as an RNA-guided platform for sequence-specific control of gene expression. Cell 152(5), 1173-83

[6] Lauren R. Polstein and Charles A. Gersbach. (2015). A light-inducible CRISPR/Cas9 system for control of endogenous gene activation. Nat Chem Biol 11(3): 198–200

[edit]
Categories
//chassis/eukaryote/athaliana
//function/crispr
//function/sensor/light
Parameters
chassisArabidopsis thaliana
directionForward
functionblue light stimulated photorecepto