Coding

Part:BBa_K4752005

Designed by: Youyan Liu, Mingyang Li, Daijia Liang   Group: iGEM23_HNU-China   (2023-10-06)


RUBY

Discription

RUBY is a reporter designed by He, Yubing et al. (2020). It is an innovative reporter system designed for noninvasively monitoring gene expression and plant transformation [1]. Plants have the capacity to produce vividly colored compounds, which can serve as effective reporters. Betalains, a class of plant pigments derived from tyrosine, are responsible for the vibrant red hues observed in plants such as beets and dragon fruit. The intricate betalain biosynthetic pathway involves three main components: P450 oxygenase CYP76AD1, L-DOPA 4,5-dioxynase (DODA), and Glucosyl transferase, interconnected by 2A [2][3].

The biosynthesis initiates with the hydroxylation of tyrosine on the benzene ring, catalyzed by the P450 oxygenase CYP76AD1, resulting in L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). L-DOPA can undergo further oxidation to cyclo-DOPA by CYP76AD1, or it can be catalyzed by DODA to form betalamic acid. Betalamic acid subsequently condenses with cyclo-DOPA into betanidin through a non-enzymatic process. Finally, glucosyltransferase adds a sugar moiety to betanidin, resulting in the production of betalain with its characteristic red coloration [4].

parts2
Fig.1 The synthesis pathway of betalain

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Fig.2 The components of RUBY


Sequence and Features


Assembly Compatibility:
  • 10
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
    Illegal PstI site found at 1
  • 12
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
    Illegal PstI site found at 1
  • 21
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
    Illegal BglII site found at 33
    Illegal BglII site found at 3756
  • 23
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
    Illegal PstI site found at 1
  • 25
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
    Illegal PstI site found at 1
    Illegal NgoMIV site found at 359
    Illegal NgoMIV site found at 938
    Illegal NgoMIV site found at 2633
  • 1000
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]



References

  1. ↑ He, Yubing et al. “A reporter for noninvasively monitoring gene expression and plant transformation.” Horticulture research vol. 7,1 152. 19 Sep. 2020, doi:10.1038/s41438-020-00390-1
  2. ↑ Strack, D., Vogt, T. & Schliemann, W. Recent advances in betalain research. Phytochemistry 62,247–269 (2003).
  3. ↑ Xu, J.-J., Fang, X., Li, C.-Y., Yang, L. & Chen, X.-Y. General and specialized tyrosine metabolism pathways in plants. aBIOTECH, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42994019-00006-w (2019).
  4. ↑ Polturak, G. & Aharoni, A. Advances and future directions in betalain metabolic engineering. N. Phytol. 224,1472–1478 (2019).
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