Part:BBa_K1497011

B0034-ANS

The anthocyanidin synthase from Fragaria x ananassa (ANS, EC 1.14.11.19) catalyzes many reactions in the anthocyanidin pathway. The TU Darmstadt iGEM team 2014 used its functionality by catalyzing the conversion of leucoanthocyanidin (2R,3S,4S)-cis-lucopelargonidin to the anthocyanidin pelargonidin. It also catalyzes the conversion of the leucoanthocyanidin to flavonol (kampferol). For avoiding this side reaction, the iGEM team of TU Darmstadt 2014 designed a protein scaffold for enhancing metabolic flux (BBa_K1497033). Earlier studies hypothesized that the used enzymes may be involved in metabolic channeling in their original organisms. By modelling the mechanical movements of ANS, they discovered a strong flexibility at the C-terminus. Subsequently they modelled ANS' structure and its movements. Thereby they detected a tail of the enzyme fluctuating and covering the active site.

Figure 1 Elastic network model of the anthocyanidin synthase. Only the C-terminus is very flexible and the rest of the ANS is highly rigid.

Figure 2 A: Visualization of the linear response theory results of the ANS. B: Linear response theory model (LRT): The RMSF (ref. RMSF Plots) computations reproduced the results derived from the coarse grained simulations. This underlines the complexity and importance of coarse grained simulations for rational protein design. With the RMSF we can clearly bring to proof that the C Terminal region is highly flexible and thus a obstacle to the active site of the ANS.

Look at the model page from the iGEM Team TU Darmstadt 2014) an see the whole model results about the ANS.

Conclusion: It was necessary to unleash the active site by cutting of the C- Terminal region. Only with this modification we can increase the turnover of the ANS.

Please use this engineerd eANS. You will get a higher yield of your product!

Functional Parameters

For improving the enzyme the iGEM team TU Darmstadt 2014 decided to remove the tail and to construct their pelargonidin operon with this engineered ANS (eANS). The laboratory results cover the previous modeling results. The engineered ANS exhibited better yields than the original one when used in an operon producing pelargonidin (BBa_K1497015). (Fig. 3)

Figure 3 E. coli BL21 (DE3) pellet containing the pelargonidin producing operon after the fermentation. According to Yan et al. (2007) a pelargonidin producing E. coli should be red after a pelargenidin production. The operon with the engineered anthocyanindin synthase produces more pelargonidin

Sequence and Features

Assembly Compatibility:

• 10
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
• 12
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
• 21
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
• 23
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
• 25
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
• 1000
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]