Part:BBa_K3894023

ssDNA-G-quadruplex
Single-stranded DNA-G-quadruplex is used as the template of the RCA, which amplifies G-quadruplex sequence.

Description

Single-stranded DNA-G-quadruplex is used as the template of the RCA, which amplifies G-quadruplex sequence. G-quadruplex can form a specific secondary topological structure after annealing, which can work as a DNAenzyme through Hoogsten bond association with hemin. This kind of DNA mimic enzyme can catalyze hydrogen peroxide reaction to form O^2- ion. The reaction between the substrate ABTS solution and hydrogen peroxide was used as the background. After the addition of G-quadruplex/hemin mimic enzyme, ABTS quickly reacted with O^2- ions to form ABTS^- ions, which changed the color of the system from colorless to green^[1]. Therefore, we use a DNA-based system that activates a RCA process after the G-quadruplex-containing DNA is recognized by the ssDNA replaced by Phi29. The RCA process will subsequently produce DNA chains composed of numerous G-quadruplex units. After skipping the primer removal and recombination processes, we directly put the primer-template hybrid chain mix into the RCA, which simplifies the experimental procedure and saves the cost of exonuclease to specifically remove ssDNA.

Experience

The iGEM 2021 NEFU_China introduced the single stand sequence of G-quadruplex with ssDNA into the circular DNA template. This was achieved by primer incubation, followed by the addition of Phi29 DNA polymerase and dNTPs into the RCA buffer; hemin was then added into the reaction system followed by incubation and ABTS addition. With the presence of the viral RNA sequence in the initial sample, the G-quadruplex will be amplified and the reaction solution will change to green color^[1-2].

Figure 1. Absorbance curves of different concentrations of G-quadruplex.

In order to put our detection device into actual application, we explored the relationship between absorbance and the primer amount according to the detectable color range, and finally determined the required sample size through the modeling. Therefore, we designed a gradient of primer concentrations for RCA and chromogenic reaction, and obtained the results.

Figure 2. Results of G-quadruplex electrophoresis by Phi29-mediated RCA.

Figure 3. Chromogenic reaction of Phi29-mediated RCA products. | 1. Positive control with a synthesized G-quadruplex sequence. 2. Products of Phi29-mediated RCA. 3. Reaction without primers. 4. Reaction without template. 5. Reaction without Phi29 polymerase. 6. Reaction without T4 DNA ligase.

Figure 4. Absorbance at 420nm of the chromogenic reaction of the Phi29-mediiated RCA products.

The iGEM 2021 NEFU_China used purified Phi29 polymerase to carry out RCA for the amplification the G-quadruplex template. Based on the DNA agarose electrophoresis, the RCA products could be steadily detected in the experimental group but not in the controls (Figure 2). Meanwhile, the color change could also be observed in the experimental group versus the controls (Figure 3), and their absorbance at 420 nm was also quantified (Figure 4). From the results of these three experiments, we conclude that Phi29 can efficiently amplify the G-quadruplex sequence through the RCA reaction and the amplified product can generate chromogenic reaction.

References

[1] R. Connelly, C. Verduzco, et al., Toward a rational approach to design split G-quadruplex probes, ACS Chem. Bio, 10:1021, 2019. [2] T. Yoshimura, S. Arikado and S. Ohuchi. Estimation of DNA polymerase for improvement of rolling circle amplification, Oxford University Press, 820-8502, 2006.

Sequence and Features

Assembly Compatibility:

• 10
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
• 12
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
• 21
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
• 23
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
• 25
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
• 1000
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]