Part:BBa_K4990013:Sequence, Features, and Subparts

   As HokB belongs to the Hok/Gef family, it is predicted to be a single-span membrane peptide，which is a single-span membrane peptide with a long, negatively charged C-terminal periplasmic tail and a short, positively charged N terminus extending in the cytoplasm. HokB has the ability to selectively insert into the cellular membrane and aggregate to create pores with a diameter of around 0.64nm, which alters the membrane potential, depolarize the membrane, hinder ATP synthesis, decrease the cell's energy ratio, and lead to ATP leakage,[1] ultimately resulting in cell death.

Reference

[1]Wilmaerts, D., Bayoumi, M., Dewachter, L., Knapen, W., Mika, J. T., Hofkens, J., Dedecker, P., Maglia, G., Verstraeten, N., & Michiels, J. (2018). The Persistence-Inducing Toxin HokB Forms Dynamic Pores That Cause ATP Leakage. mBio, 9(4), e00744-18. https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00744-18