Composite

Part:BBa_K5066006

Designed by: Abner Tseng and Pin-Chen Ting   Group: iGEM24_GEMS-Taiwan   (2024-09-21)
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BmK IT1-Cyt2Ba

Description

Insecticide resistance is becoming increasingly problematic and prominent in many Southeast Asian countries, areas where Dengue fever is prevalent. The combination of Bt toxins and scorpion toxins is a promising strategy providing a potential layer of protection against insecticide resistance. Cyt2Ba is a Bt toxin and BmK IT1 is a neurotoxin, and we combined them to incorporate the toxic effects of both toxins. This combination can reduce the chances of failure in killing larvae due to resistance.


Use In Biology

BmK IT1 is a scorpion toxin that acts as a neurotoxin, and it is a type of toxin that is selectively active on lepidopterous and dipterous insects. Due to its high insect toxicity and its selectivity for only lepidopterous and dipterous insects, scorpion toxins can be applied as potential biological insecticides in pest control.[1] Cyt2Ba is a Bt toxin that binds to membrane receptors and increases membrane permeability. In Aedes mosquitoes, the toxin binds to the midgut of the mosquito larvae. Due to its crystalline structure, the toxin alters the cell membrane’s permeability which is crucial for cellular transport and activities, ultimately leading to the death of the larvae as a result of malnutrition and damage to the cell membrane.[2][3][4]

Mortality Rate

Table 2. The mortality rate of Aedes albopictus larvae exposed to various combinations of biolarvicidal toxins.

Our results indicated that the combination of two or three biolarvicidal toxins achieved a maximum mortality rate of only 33.33%. The limited effectiveness observed in this study highlights the need for further research to optimize for more effective toxin combinations and formulations.


Sequence and Features


Assembly Compatibility:
  • 10
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
    Illegal EcoRI site found at 733
  • 12
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
    Illegal EcoRI site found at 733
  • 21
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
    Illegal EcoRI site found at 733
  • 23
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
    Illegal EcoRI site found at 733
  • 25
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
    Illegal EcoRI site found at 733
  • 1000
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]

Reference

[1] Deng, S.-Q., Deng, M.-Z., Chen, J.-T., Zheng, L.-L., & Peng, H.-J. (2017). [Larvicidal activity of recombinant Escherichia coli expressing scorpion neurotoxin AaIT or B.t.i toxin Cyt2Ba against mosquito larvae and formulations for enhancing the effects]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao = Journal of Southern Medical University, 37(6). https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.06.06

[2] Bravo, A., Likitvivatanavong, S., Gill, S. S., & Soberón, M. (2011). Bacillus thuringiensis: A story of a successful bioinsecticide. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 41(7), 423–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2011.02.006

[3] Wu, J., Wei, L., He, J., Fu, K., Li, X., Jia, L., Wang, R., & Zhang, W. (2021). Characterization of a novel Bacillus thuringiensis toxin active against Aedes aegypti larvae. Acta Tropica, 223, 106088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106088

[4] Gu, J.-B., Dong, Y.-Q., Peng, H.-J., & Chen, X.-G. (2010). A Recombinant AeDNA Containing the Insect-Specific Toxin, BmK IT1, Displayed an Increasing Pathogenicity on Aedes albopictus. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 83(3), 614–623. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10-0074

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