Part:BBa_K4814006

ATRIP-EGFP

FRET is using fluorescent proteins as probes to detect the interaction of targeted proteins. The distance-dependent process transfers energy from an excited molecular fluorophore (the donor) to another fluorophore (the acceptor) through intermolecular long-range dipole–dipole coupling once the desired proteins bind (Sekar, R. B. and Periasamy, A., 2003). The critical Förster radius (typically 3-6 nm) at angstrom distances (10–100 Å) can be calculated to increase the accuracy and ensure precise energy transfer. (Alan Mulllan, n.d.) By using FRET, we can therefore observe the interaction of two proteins by measuring the lifetime of the fluorescent proteins attached to them.

As the aim of this design is to detect DNA damages in mammalian cells, we have used CMV promoter and the Lenti virus vector. Please refer to BBa_K4814004 and BBa_K4814005 (ATRIP and RPA1) for detailed explanation of the two proteins involved in the DNA damage checkpoint process.

The EGFP is derived from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC146266/ (same as BBa_K1875003), a mammalian codon optimized enhanced GFP.

References:

Sekar, R. B., & Periasamy, A. (2003). Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy imaging of live cell protein localizations. The Journal of cell biology, 160(5), 629–633. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200210140

Alan Mulllan. (n.d.). Advanced microscopy applications – an overview of FRET. OXFORD instruments. https://andor.oxinst.com/learning/view/article/fret

Yang, T. T., Cheng, L., & Kain, S. R. (1996). Optimized codon usage and chromophore mutations provide enhanced sensitivity with the green fluorescent protein. Nucleic acids research, 24(22), 4592–4593. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/24.22.4592