Part:BBa_K3630001
lactose operon (Lac operon)
The lactose operon (Lac operon) is an operon required for the transport and metabolism of lactose in E.coli and many other enteric bacteria. Although glucose is the preferred carbon source for most bacteria, the lac operon allows for the effective digestion of lactose when glucose is not available through the activity of beta-galactosidase. Gene regulation of the lac operon was the first genetic regulatory mechanism to be understood clearly, so it has become a foremost example of prokaryotic gene regulation. It is often discussed in introductory molecular and cellular biology classes for this reason. Bacterial operons are polycistronic transcripts that are able to produce multiple proteins from one mRNA transcript. In this case, when lactose is required as a sugar source for the bacterium, the three genes of the Lac operon can be expressed and their subsequent proteins translated: LacZ, LacY, and LacA. The gene product of LacZ is β-galactosidase which cleaves lactose, a disaccharide, into glucose and galactose. LacY encodes Beta-galactoside permease, a membrane protein that becomes embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane to enable the cellular transport of lactose into the cell. Finally, LacA encodes Galactoside acetyltransferase.
Sequence and Features
- 10COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
- 12COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
- 21COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
- 23COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
- 25COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
- 1000COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]
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