Part:BBa_K3376013
BioBrick / pDL278
pDL278, a E. coli/Gram(+) shuttle vector
pDL278 is a shuttle vector between E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria, which was created by Donald J. LeBlanc, et al. in 1992. It contains a spectinomycin resistance cassette for selection and the origin of replication of pBR322 for E. coli and ori (+) for Gram(+) bacteria, respectively. Ori (+) is from S. aureus with an ORF encoding an undefined protein possibly for plasmid replication (Fig. 1, A).
Application in Synthetic Biology
The pDL278 vector is used widely across Gram(-) and Gram(+) bacterial strains. In addition to E. coli, E. faecalis, another Gram(-) Enterococcus strain, was transformed with the vector by Gary M. Dunny, et al. For Gram(+) bacteria, several groups have demonstrated the transformation efficiency with pDL278 in Streptococcus gordonii by Bruno P. Lima, et al., in Streptococcus crista by Frederick F. Correia, et al., in Streptococcus pneumoniae by Daniel R. Gentry, et al., as well as in Staphylococcus aureus by Shizhou Wu, et al.
Construction for BioBrick-compatible pDL278 vector
We got the plasmid from the lab of Dr. Yuqing Li at Sichuan University in China. Firstly, we made the pDL278 compatible to BioBrick assembly system (i.e., EcoRI-XbaI-insert-SpeI-PstI). We amplified the backbone by PCR and did 2 rounds of site-directed mutagenesis with the primers listed in Fig. 1, C. The resulting plasmid was checked by restriction enzymes (Fig. 1, B) and further confirmed by sequencing.
Transformation of S. mutans by electroporation
We test transforming S. mutans by electroporation based on Vuokko Loimaranta’s protocol, briefly described as follows.
- Prepare electrocompetent cells
↓ Cultivate S. mutans in BHI to OD600 of 0.6
↓ Wash twice with ice-cold buffer (10mM HEPES (pH 7.0), 15% glycerol)
↓ Resuspend in the electroporation buffer (5% sucrose, 15% glycerol)
- Electroporation in BTX™ Gemini X2 Electroporation System
↓ 40 µl of ice-cold electrocompetent cells in a 1-mm gap cuvette
↓ A single electric pulse of 4.5 ms (setting: 1.25 kV, 25µF, 200Ω)
↓ Immediately add fresh 960 ul of BHI broth
↓ After 1 hr, plate the cells onto BHI agar plate supplemented with 1 mg/ml of spectinomycin
↓ Grown for 2 days at 37°C, check the colony by PCR
The gel data shown in Fig. 2 indicated the successful transformation of S. mutans by colony PCR with primer sets against the plasmid vector (pDL278-F/R) and gDNA of S. mutans (Mut-F/R)
Reference
1. LeBlanc DJ, Lee LN, Abu-Al-Jaibat A. Molecular, genetic, and functional analysis of the basic replicon of pVA380-1, a plasmid of oral streptococcal origin. Plasmid. 1992 Sep;28(2):130-45.
2. Gong T, Tang B, Zhou X, Zeng J, Lu M, Guo X, Peng X, Lei L, Gong B, Li Y. Genome editing in Streptococcus mutans through self-targeting CRISPR arrays. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2018 Dec;33(6):440-449.
3. Dunny GM, Lee LN, LeBlanc DJ. Improved electroporation and cloning vector system for gram-positive bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 Apr;57(4):1194-201.
4. Lima BP, Kho K, Nairn BL, Davies JR, Svensäter G, Chen R, Steffes A, Vreeman GW, Meredith TC, Herzberg MC. Streptococcus gordonii Type I Lipoteichoic Acid Contributes to Surface Protein Biogenesis. mSphere. 2019 Dec 4;4(6):e00814-19.
5. Correia FF, McKay TL, Farrow MF, Rosan B, DiRienzo JM. Natural transformation of Streptococcus crista. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1996 Sep 15;143(1):13-8.
6. Gentry DR, Ingraham KA, Stanhope MJ, Rittenhouse S, Jarvest RL, O'Hanlon PJ, Brown JR, Holmes DJ. Variable sensitivity to bacterial methionyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors reveals subpopulations of Streptococcus pneumoniae with two distinct methionyl-tRNA synthetase genes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Jun;47(6):1784-9.
7. Wu S, Liu Y, Lei L, Zhang H. Virulence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus modulated by the YycFG two-component pathway in a rat model of osteomyelitis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2019 Dec 12;14(1):433.
Reference
Sequence and Features
- 10COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
- 12COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
- 21COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
- 23COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
- 25COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
- 1000INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]Illegal BsaI site found at 3022
Illegal SapI site found at 1991
| None |