Part:BBa_K3638003:Experience

Results

1. The expression of XIST decreased in breast cancer.

LncRNA is a class of ncRNA whose length is over 200 base pairs. The aberrant expressions of lncRNAs were associated with human diseases, including breast cancer. Recently, several studies indicated that lncRNAs could act as sponges to compete miRNAs, participating in various biological processes [1]. miRNA Sponges contain complementary binding sites to a miRNA of interest, which inhibit miRNA activity. This mechanism gives rise to our idea about fusing a sponge RNA based on the sequences of lncRNA with binding sites complementary to the sequence of miRNA to a plasmid that has reporter gene, EGFP-C1 for instance, which will monitor the expression of miRNA in the cells.

In breast cancer research, several lncRNAs are identified as tumor driving oncogenic lncRNAs, such as H19, LncRNA-Smad7, and few are identified as tumor suppressive lncRNAs, for example GAS5. [2]They are involved in cell growth, apoptosis, cell migration and invasiveness as well as cancer cell stemness. However, the expression of some lncRNA in breast cancer, for example XIST, NEAT1, remains controversial and unclear. According to previous studies, several lncRNAs, including XIST, NEAT1, GAS5, MAL1-AS, SNHG16, were selected for further investigation. We downloaded the data about expression level of XIST, NEAT1, GAS5, and SNHG16 in breast tumors and controls from TANRIC [3] XIST and NEAT1 were expressed at lower levels in breast cancer (Fig.1). The expression of SNHG16 increased in breast tumors, compared with that of control (Fig.1). And GAS5 level was showed no change in breast cancer (Fig.1). Based on the data of Fig.1, we choose XIST to design our microRNA sensor.

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