Part:BBa_K3141001

Proinsulin secretion; Highly expressed

HPI gene encodes the synthesis of proinsulin.It contains three exons which encodes A chain, B chain and C peptide. Based on HPI gene, we optimized its codon for higher expression in B.Subtilis. What’s more, we alternated a short region on HPI gene to increase its protein synthesis and secretion.

Use of Biology

Proinsulin is a precursor of insulin, a hormone which can bind to insulin receptor in the liver membrane to stimulate livers' convertion from glucose to glycogen. Injections of proinsulin intravenously in animal or man results in a decrease in blood glucose. This means that proinsulin has similar functions of lowering blood glucose level as insulin. In human body, proinsulin is synthesized in pancreatic βcells to enable the downstream insulin secretion into blood. As the only blood glucose reducer, insulin operates mainly through the regulation of hepatic metabolism for the glucose uptake by lever cells[ Paul M. Titchenell, et al:Unraveling the regulation of Hepatic Metabolism by Insulin. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Jul;28(7):497-505 ]. When the level of glycogen reduces and the concentration of insulin rises, liver cells start to increase the uptake of glucose, synthesis of glycogen, suppression of hepatic glucose production(HGP), and the induction of the synthesis of fatty acids for energy storage and further utilization[ LinHV, et al.:Hormonal Regulation of Hepatic glucose Production in Health and Disease. Cell Metab.2011;14:9-19].

To test the expression efficiency, this gene is transformed into pHY-P43 and is expressioned in B.subtilis. Experimental method:

1. Construction of bacteria:Original HPI gene and modified HPI gene are both transformed into bacteria B.subtilis
2. Fermentation
3. protein extraction(through mechanical attrition)
4. Protein Gel Electrophoresis

Experiment Result

Protein electrophoresis:

Figure 1: the SDS-PAGE result of dissolved bacteria with unmodified HPI gene(BBa_K1328003).Trial 1 is negative control--the supernatant remained after the collection of WB800N. Trial 2-3 are supernatant of sample 1 and 2. Trial 4-6 are 10-times-diluted supertanants of trial 1-3.

Through the figure 1 it is known that bacteria with original HPI gene secreted a small amount of proinsulin that is not enough to be perceived by naked eyes.

Figure 2: SDS-PAGE result of bacteria with codon-optimized and N-terminal-modified HPI gene(BBa_K3141001).Trial 1 is negative control--the supernatant remained after the collection of WB800N. Trial 2-3 are supernatant of sample 13 and 16. Trial 4-6 are 5-times-diluted supertanants of trial 1-3.

The target protein bars existed in expected size, where proinsulin is about to shown--at 10.5kD to 14kD. Bacteria with modified HPI gene produced large amount of target protein(as shown in figure 2). As a result,it is found that the modification to HPI sequence increased the production of protein.

Sequence and Features

Assembly Compatibility:

• 10
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
• 12
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
• 21
  INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]

  Illegal BglII site found at 198
  
• 23
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
• 25
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
• 1000
  COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]

Functional Parameters

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