Part:BBa_K2549001
suface-expressed CD19
Surface-expressed CD19 (surCD19) is built by joining CD8α signal peptide, CD19 extracellular domain and the transmembrane region of PDGFRβ (from N terminal to C terminal). Additional HA tag on its N terminal and a Myc tag on its C terminal to facilitate detection by antibodies[1]. CD8α peptide guides synthesized fusion protein to pass the translocon[2] into the endoplasmic reticulum[3], and the fusion protein will be later sugar modified in Golgi[4], presented on the plasma membrane and located to the outside of the cell. Transmembrane region of PDGFRβ embeds surCD19 on the membrane. It was used as the antigen for Part:BBa_K2549005.
Sequence and Features
- 10COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
- 12COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
- 21INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]Illegal BglII site found at 588
- 23COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
- 25COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
- 1000INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]Illegal BsaI.rc site found at 757
Illegal SapI site found at 273
Illegal SapI.rc site found at 91
Biology
Clinical significance of CD19
As summarized on wikipedia page[5]: B-lymphocyte antigen CD19, also known as CD19 molecule (Cluster of Differentiation 19), B-Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B4, T-Cell Surface Antigen Leu-12 and CVID3 is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the gene CD19. In humans, CD19 is expressed in all B lineage cells, except for plasma cells, and in follicular dendritic cells. CD19 plays two major roles for B cells: (1) it acts as an adaptor protein to recruit cytoplasmic signaling proteins to the membrane; (2) it works within the CD19/CD21 complex to decrease the threshold for B cell receptor signaling pathways. Due to its presence on all B cells, it is a biomarker for B lymphocyte development, lymphoma diagnosis and can be utilized as a target for leukemia immunotherapies.
CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy[6]: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains difficult to treat, with minimal improvement in more than 2 decades. Adoptive transfer of T cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) has emerged as a powerful targeted immunotherapy. Complete remission rates as high as 90% have been reported in children and adults with relapsed and refractory ALL treated with CAR-modified T cells targeting the B-cell–specific antigen CD19. For more details, please check Maude SL et al.
Reported data from Royal KT et al 2016
Please refer the original article for more details[7]. Below is our summary of their article to explain why we focus on CD19.
References
- ↑ Engineering Customized Cell Sensing and Response Behaviors Using Synthetic Notch Receptors. Morsut L, Roybal KT, Xiong X, ..., Thomson M, Lim WA. Cell, 2016 Feb;164(4):780-91 PMID: 26830878; DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.01.012
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translocon
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golgi_apparatus
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD19
- ↑ CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Maude SL, Teachey DT, Porter DL, Grupp SA. Blood, 2015 Jun;125(26):4017-23 PMID: 25999455; DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-12-580068
- ↑ Engineering T Cells with Customized Therapeutic Response Programs Using Synthetic Notch Receptors. Roybal KT, Williams JZ, Morsut L, ..., McNally KA, Lim WA. Cell, 2016 Oct;167(2):419-432.e16 PMID: 27693353; DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.09.011
| protein |