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Coding
metK

Part:BBa_K1668001

Designed by: iGEM15_ZJU-China   Group: iGEM15_ZJU-China   (2015-08-14)
Revision as of 03:53, 15 September 2015 by XuXintian (Talk | contribs)

metK (from Streptomyces avermitilis, increasing avermectin production)

The part metK is the coding sequence of S-adenosylmethionine synthetase in Streptomyces avermitilis. It was found to stimulate the production of avermectins, one kind of pesticide.
This gene sequence could not function in E.coli. If you would like to express metK in Streptomyces avermitilis, remember to add ermEp (BBa_K1668004) as its promoter.



Sequence and Features


Assembly Compatibility:
  • 10
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
  • 12
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
  • 21
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
  • 23
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
  • 25
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
  • 1000
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]
    Illegal BsaI site found at 376
    Illegal BsaI.rc site found at 304
    Illegal BsaI.rc site found at 595



Characterization


BACKGROUND


Overview


metK is the gene encoding S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, which has been found in almost every organism. Its output catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP.

Function


In Streptomyces avermitilis, metK was found to stimulate the production of avermectins. When wild-type S. avermitilis strain ATCC31267 was transformed with pYJ02 and pYJ03, two metK expression plasmids, avermectin production was increased about 2.0-fold and 5.5-fold compared with that in the control strains, respectively.

Principle


As for the principle of improving the productivity, instead of changing cell growth or copy effect, metK stimulates the avermectin production by increasing the intracellular concentration of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), an important intermediate product in avermectin production. However, there may be a maximum concentration of SAM for the production of avermectin in S. avermitilis, which means that SAM has no effect when its concentration achieve maximum.

Limitation


The results of experiments in research paper showed that different metK expression levels have different influence on avermectin production in various S. avermitilis strains. The gene expression levels of metK in two engineered strain, GB-165 and 76-05, were much higher than those in wild-type strain, whereas the avermectin productivity in these two strains have not been significantly improved. It is probably because the high expression level of metK in engineered strains limited the improvement of avermectin productivity by overexpression of metK.

Protein


The 3D structure of S-adenosylmethionine synthetase is as follows. This enzyme catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP and is involved in step1 of the subpathway that synthesizes S-adenosyl-L-methionine from L-methionine. Example.jpg

RESULTS


Gel electrophoretic analysis

Example.jpg Fig.2 Gel electrophoretic analyses of PCR products (A) and selected examples of cloned products of seamless assembly reaction (B). (A) 5-μl samples of the PCR products for metK, (B) 5-μl samples of the bacteria solution PCR products were loaded onto a 1% BioRad Ready Agarose Mini Gel, then subjected to AGE. See (protocol) for AGE parameters. The DNA size standards was the DL1,000 DNA Marker (M1; Takara, Cat#3428A) and DL2,000 DNA Marker (M2; TaKaRa, Cat#3427A). Bands were visualized with a Shanghai Peiqing JS-380A Fluorescence Imager. PCR products, positive clones and negative clones are indicated.

DNA sequencing

We have sequenced the parts with standard primers VF2 and VR. The sequence of the 816bp part shows 100% agreement with the desired sequence.

REFERENCE


Zhao, X., et al. (2013). "Overexpression of metK shows different effects on avermectin production in various Streptomyces avermitilis strains." World J Microbiol Biotechnol 29(10): 1869-1875. [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q827Q0]

[edit]
Categories
//cds/biosynthesis
//cds/enzyme
//function/biosynthesis
Parameters
chassisStreptomyces avermitilis (strain ATCC 31267 / DSM 46492 / JCM 5070 / NCIMB 12804 / NRRL 8165 / MA-4680)
functionCatalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP. The overall synthetic reaction is composed of two sequential steps, AdoMet formation and the subsequent tripolyphosphate hydrolysis which occurs prior to release of AdoMet from the enzyme.
proteinS-adenosylmethionine synthase
uniprotQ827Q0