Part:BBa_K3141001
Proinsulin secretion; Highly expressed
HPI gene encodes the synthesis of proinsulin.It contains three exons which encodes A chain, B chain and C peptide. Based on HPI gene, we optimized its codon for higher expression in B.Subtilis. What’s more, we alternated a short region on HPI gene to increase its protein synthesis and secretion.
Use of Biology
Proinsulin is a precursor of insulin, a hormone which can bind to insulin receptor in the liver membrane to stimulate livers' convertion from glucose to glycogen. Injections of proinsulin intravenously in animal or man results in a decrease in blood glucose. This means that proinsulin has similar functions of lowering blood glucose level as insulin. In human body, proinsulin is synthesized in pancreatic βcells to enable the downstream insulin secretion into blood. As the only blood glucose reducer, insulin operates mainly through the regulation of hepatic metabolism for the glucose uptake by lever cells[ Paul M. Titchenell, et al:Unraveling the regulation of Hepatic Metabolism by Insulin. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Jul;28(7):497-505 ]. When the level of glycogen reduces and the concentration of insulin rises, liver cells start to increase the uptake of glucose, synthesis of glycogen, suppression of hepatic glucose production(HGP), and the induction of the synthesis of fatty acids for energy storage and further utilization[ LinHV, et al.:Hormonal Regulation of Hepatic glucose Production in Health and Disease. Cell Metab.2011;14:9-19].
Characterization
To test the expression efficiency, this gene is transformed into pHY-P43 and is expressioned in B.subtilis.
Sequence and Features
- 10COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
- 12COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
- 21INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]Illegal BglII site found at 198
- 23COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
- 25COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
- 1000COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]
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