Part:BBa_K5115034
csoS operon
Introduction
The csoS operon, originating from the Halothiobacillus neapolitanus, encodes a series of proteins essential for the assembly of α-carboxysomes, a type of microcompartment that facilitates the sequestration and concentration of enzymes involved in carbon fixation, particularly ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco)[1]. In literature, α-carboxysomes have been extensively studied and successfully utilized in Escherichia coli for enhancing carbon fixation efficiency and optimizing metabolic pathways. The csoS operon includes key structural proteins including csoS4B, csoS1C, csoS1A, csoS1B, csoS1D, csoS4A, and CsoS2, which play crucial roles in forming the shell and encapsulating cargo enzymes, including those required for hydrogen production. The operon serves as a model for synthetic biology applications, particularly in constructing nanoreactors capable of enhancing catalytic functions through encapsulation of heterologous enzymes. The successful expression of this operon in E. coli demonstrates its potential for industrial and biotechnological applications, enabling the creation of efficient microbial systems for sustainable bioprocessing.[2]
Usage and Biology
The csoS operon composite part is designed for use in E. coli to facilitate the expression and assembly of α-carboxysomes. These microcompartments are advantageous for engineering metabolic pathways, especially in enhancing the efficiency of carbon fixation and enzyme activity. The operon includes genes that encode shell proteins, such as CsoS1A and CsoS1B, which form the structural framework of the carboxysome. Additionally, the CsoS2 protein is vital for organizing Rubisco within the carboxysome, playing a role analogous to that of CcmM in β-carboxysomes, where it links cargo and shell assemblies.
Research indicates that the CsoS2 protein exists in two isoforms—CsoS2A and CsoS2B—differing in size and functionality, with the longer form being particularly important for the proper assembly of the empty α-carboxysome shells. Experimental results have shown that deletion of CsoS2 results in the failure to form shell structures in E. coli, underscoring its necessity in carboxysome assembly. The C-terminus of CsoS2 has been identified as an encapsulation peptide (EP) that facilitates the incorporation of cargo enzymes into the shell, allowing for the construction of functional nanoreactors.
By employing this composite part in E. coli, researchers can harness the natural assembly mechanisms of carboxysomes to create efficient systems for producing biofuels and other valuable bioproducts. The incorporation of enzymes such as [FeFe]-hydrogenase into the α-carboxysome shell offers a promising strategy for enhancing hydrogen production while protecting these sensitive enzymes from oxygen, thereby optimizing catalytic activities within a controlled microenvironment.
Characterization
Sequence and Features
- 10COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
- 12INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]Illegal NheI site found at 133
Illegal NotI site found at 6599 - 21INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]Illegal BglII site found at 291
- 23COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
- 25INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]Illegal NgoMIV site found at 2805
Illegal AgeI site found at 799
Illegal AgeI site found at 1750
Illegal AgeI site found at 2431
Illegal AgeI site found at 4933 - 1000INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]Illegal SapI site found at 191
References
- ↑ Oltrogge, L. M., Chaijarasphong, T., Chen, A. W., Bolin, E. R., Marqusee, S., & Savage, D. F. (2020). Multivalent interactions between CsoS2 and Rubisco mediate α-carboxysome formation. Nature structural & molecular biology, 27(3), 281–287. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-020-0387-7.
- ↑ Li, T., Jiang, Q., Huang, J., Aitchison, C. M., Huang, F., Yang, M., Dykes, G. F., He, H. L., Wang, Q., Sprick, R. S., Cooper, A. I., & Liu, L. N. (2020). Reprogramming bacterial protein organelles as a nanoreactor for hydrogen production. Nature communications, 11(1), 5448. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19280-0.
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