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Overview

This is the coding sequence for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulase cellulase] production in E.coli. It codes for endo-b-1,4-glucanase E (CelE) cellulase, which is one of the three major proteins of the cellulosome of Clostridium cellulolyticum.1

More Details

Cellulase mainly catalyses the reactions that changes crystalline cellulose to cellobiose2 and then finally to glucose. It also catalyses, to a small extent, the break down of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxymethyl_cellulose carboxymethyl cellulose]. This cellulase is protease resistant.

The gene was used as part of the Imperial iGEM 2009 [http://2009.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London The E.ncapsulator] project as one of the showcase proteins of the protein production module of the project.

Usage and Biology

It can be used in gram positive bacteria.

The enzyme has a C-end cellulosome-binding domain (CBD), which is used to deliver its resident catalytic domain to the cellulosome. The cellulosome is multi-subunit complex that is involved in the hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose. [http://www.springerlink.com/content/lp8g657n13g76187/fulltext.pdf [3]]

In Clostridum, CelE activity activates other cellulosomal enzymes synergistically.2

Sequence and Features Status: 500 Content-type: text/html

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References

[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/125972525?report=genbank&log$=seqview&from=961597&to=964041 Sequence from NCBI] <biblio>

1 pmid=9055408
2 pmid=10714996

</biblio>

Contribution

Group: SCU-WestChina iGEM team 2020
Author: Xue Qin
Summary: function and structure addition

1. Endo -β- 1,4-glucanase can be used to develop biocatalysts for the hydrolysis of hemicellulose to monosaccharides. Through the establishment of the library, we screened the mutants with random diversity and directional evolution, and obtained five best mutations which were 2-3 times higher than the wild-type enzyme activity, and evaluated the related sites. Table 1: Activity value of wild type rCelStrep and mutants, nucleotide and aminoacid substitutions in rCelStrep variants T--SCU-WestChina--improved_part6.png

2. Homology models of the three-dimensional structures of the catalytic (Fig. 1) and binding (Fig. 2) modules of rCelStrep from Streptomyces sp. G12 were obtained. With a 37,000 Da molecular mass, this enzyme is composed of a signal peptide for secretion, of 37 aminoacids, a catalytic module belonging to the GH 12 family, of 222 aminoacids, bound through a small linker region to a carbohydrate binding module (CBM) belonging to the family CMB2 of 107 aminoacids. T--SCU-WestChina--improved_part7.png

Fig 1: Homology model of the catalytic module of CelStrep. Surface view of the catalytic cleft of CelStrep with cellotriose modelled in the − 1, − 2 and − 3 subsites and cellobiose modelled in the + 1 and + 2 subsites. The two catalytic glutamate residues, E120 and E203, are coloured in red. The substituted labelled amino-acids are coloured according to the epCelStrep variant: epCS_2 (yellow), epCS_4 (blue), epCS_5 (green)

T--SCU-WestChina--improved_part8.png

Fig.2: Homology model of CBM structure of CelStrep overlaid to CBM of Cex from Cellulomonas fimi. Ribbon view of the structural overlay of the CBM of CelStrep (magenta) with the CBM of C. fini (cian). The three substrate binding tryptophan residues of C. fini are coloured in cian and the corresponding residues, W249, W286 and D304 of Streptomyces sp. GH12 in magenta. The substituted labelled amino-acids are coloured according to the epCelStrep variant: epCS_1 (pink), epCS_4 (blue), epCS_5 (green)

Reference

Cecchini DA, Pepe O, Pennacchio A, Fagnano M, Faraco V. Directed evolution of the bacterial endo-β-1,4-glucanase from Streptomyces sp. G12 towards improved catalysts for lignocellulose conversion. AMB Express. 2018;8(1):74. Published 2018 May 5. doi:10.1186/s13568-018-0602-7