Difference between revisions of "Part:BBa K2374003"

Revision as of 19:09, 30 October 2017

ple (Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, TH) -> (fruit fly)

Overview

An upstream activating sequence or upstream activation sequence (UAS) is a cis-acting regulatory sequence. It is distinct from the promoter and increases the expression of a neighbouring gene. Due to its essential role in activating transcription, the UAS is often considered to be analogous to the function of the enhancer in multicellular eukaryotes. Upstream activation sequences are a crucial part of induction, enhancing the expression of the protein of interest through increased transcriptional activity. The UAS is found adjacently upstream to a minimal promoter (TATA box) and serves as a binding site for transactivators. If the transcriptional transactivator does not bind to the UAS in the proper orientation then transcription cannot begin.

Gene ple encodes Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase which also known as TH (EC:1.14.16.2). It plays an important role in the physiology of adrenergic neurons. This protein is involved in step 1 of the subpathway that synthesizes dopamine from L-tyrosine. Dopamine has critical roles in system development. Proteins known to be involved in the 2 steps of the subpathway in this organism are:
1.Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (ple)
2.no protein annotated in this organism
This subpathway is part of the pathway dopamine biosynthesis, which is itself part of Catecholamine biosynthesis. It belongs to the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family. We also provide ple promoter in BBa_K2374001.

Design notes

We cloned synthetic TH into pUAST with restriction endonuclease digestion and T4 ligase igation. Then we construct pSB1C3-UAS-TH and pUAST-UAS-TH. The pSB1C3-UAS-TH is for submission. The pUAST-UAS-TH also with the other two plasmids: pUAST-ple-GAL4 (BBa_K2374005)and pUAST-ple-GAL80ts (BBa_K2374006) are used to do micro-injection into the D.melanogaster. We must combine the three pathways to determine if the system work well. After hybridization screening, we got stable modified fruit fly strains. Finally, we did RT-PCR, qPCR and behavioral experiments to test our system. The result of our testing on D.melanogaster is displayed below.

Test Results

1. Use Real-time PCR to detect whether the expression of TH is increased at 29°C. It shows that the relative expression of TH in modified fruit flies increased significantly.

2. Detect male-male courtship when raising the temperature. Mating index refers to the relative time that the fruit fly use for mating.

It shows that he mating index of the treated group rises significantly in at 29°C. [time=5minutes, n=5, P<0.01]

Usage and Biology

The protein encoded by this gene is involved in the conversion of tyrosine to dopamine. It is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of catecholamines, hence plays a key role in the physiology of adrenergic neurons. Mutations in this gene have been associated with autosomal recessive Segawa syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene. Sequence and Features

Design Notes

ple has three alternatively spliced transcript variants which encode iosforms of TH. We choose isoform B to construct our plasmid.

According to our experiment results to judge, the ple coding sequence is hard to clone from Drosophila 's cDNA library because of its multi-segment repeats. So we recommend that you obtain from the constructed plasmid, or synthesize it directly.

We ordered a synthetic ple from GENEWIZ®, and cloned it into pUAST vector with two restriction sites: EcoRI and XbaI.

We cloned UAS-TH into shipping backbone pSB1C3 with In-Fusion. Here shows the restriction endonuclease digestion image of pSB1C3-UAS-TH.

We also did one site direct mutagenesis for submission:
Pst I (647) CTGCAG->CTGCTG

Functional Parameters

TH is involved in step 1 of the subpathway that synthesizes dopamine from L-tyrosine and plays an important role in the physiology of adrenergic neurons.

Source

GeneCards®: The Human Gene Database [http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=TH]

NCBI [1]

FlyBase [http://flybase.org/reports/FBgn0005626.html]

References

1. Webster Nocholas, Jin Jiarui, Green Stephen, Hollis Melvyn, Chambon Pierre (1988). The Yeast UASG is a transcriptional enhancer in human hela cells in the presence of the GAL4 trans-activator. Cell. 52 (2): 169–178.
2. West Jr. Robert W., Yocum R. Rogers, Ptashne Mark (1984). Saccharomyces cerevisiae GAL1-GAL10 Divergenet Promoter Region: Location and Function of the Upstream Activating Sequence UAS. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 4 (11): 2467–2478.
3. Lewandoski Mark (2001). Conditional control of gene expression in the mouse. Nature Reviews Genetics. 2: 743–755.