Part:BBa_K1897012
Listeriolysin O CDS
Safety Flag
The iGEM Safety and Security Committee has placed a Red Flag on this part. This part presents safety risks beyond what is normal for the Registry. Researchers who plan to acquire and use this part should take special care to ensure they use it safely and responsibly. Contact safety [AT] igem [DOT] org with any questions.
Reason: Listeriolysin and Invasin parts
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Listeriolysin O (LLO) is derived from Listeria monocytogenes and is a pore-forming toxin that allows L. monocytogenes to escape from the endocytic vesicle into the cytoplasm (Vadia et al., 2011).
Usage and Biology
LLO is essential for the pathogenesis of L. monocytogenes and is part of the family of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysis (CDCs). They have a size range of 50 to 70 kDa, and bind to a host receptor on the host membrane. Upon binding, they diffuse laterally to form a ring-shaped oligomeric prepre complex then then inserts a large β-barrel pore across the membrane in a cholesterol-dependent fashion (Vadia et al., 2011). Formation of the pore allows LLO to escape from the phagosomal compartment that it is in when it first enters a cell.
LLO also has a acidic pH optimum (around pH 5 to 5.5), which may thus explain why it is able to escape the phagosomal compartment that it is trapped in when it first enters the cell, but requires additional internalisation proteins for it to first enter a non-phagocytic cell (Kayal and Charbit, 2006; Vadia et al., 2011).
Sequence and Features
- 10COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
- 12INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]Illegal NheI site found at 1380
- 21COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
- 23COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
- 25COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
- 1000COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]
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