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PMcl1, hemolymph inducible promoter from Metarhizium anisopliae

The expression of Metarhizium collagen-like protein MCL1 is only induced by insect hemolymph, and in insect hemolymph it is expressed at a high level. Utilizing the promoter of Mcl1 (PMcl1) in genetically engineering Metarhizium allows the expression of target genes to be limited to the hemocoel of the fungus' host insects, ensuring the specificity of gene expression.^[1].

Usage and Biology

The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is widely used for biocontrol of pest insects. Genetic engineering is a useful tool to improve the virulence of entomopathogenic fungi and their tolerance to adverse conditions.The Mcl1 promoter is to date the only development-stage-specific promoter used in the genetic engineering of entomopathogenic fungi. Scientists used the insect-hemolymph-inducible promoter PMcl1 to limit the expression of insect-selective toxins to the heomocoel of the target insects, so that efficacy and safety of the genetic modified entomopathogenic fungi were increased^[2][3].

Insect-hemolymph-inducible promoter Pmcl1

NYMU 2016 designed a a light inducible killswitchcircuit with Pmcl1, for genetic engineered entomopathogenic fungi whose virulence and tolerance were enhanced. We hoped that this killswitch can greatly mitigate the safety concerns of the GM fungi so that those enhanced fungi have greater possibility to be implemented in field. [http://2016.igem.org/Team:NYMU-Taipei/Design Click into NYMU 2016-Project design]

References

[1] Wang, C., & St. Leger, R. J. (2006). A collagenous protective coat enables Metarhizium anisopliae to evade insect immune responses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103, 6647-6652.

[2]Wang, C., & St. Leger, R. J. (2007a). A scorpion neurotoxin increases the potency of a fungal insecticide. Nature Biotechnology, 25, 1455e1456.

[3]Peng, G., & Xia, Y. (2015). Integration of an insecticidal scorpion toxin (BjaIT) gene into Metarhizium acridum enhances fungal virulence towards Locusta migratoria manilensis. Pest Management Science, 71, 58e64.

Sequence and Features