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Designed by: Riku Shinohara   Group: iGEM15_Tokyo_Tech   (2015-09-10)
Revision as of 22:34, 18 September 2015 by YuiKora (Talk | contribs) (→‎Construction)

Materials and Methods

Invertion assay with FimB

Construction

All the samples were DH5alpha strain with antibiotic resistance to ampicillin and kanamycin.

(1) PBAD/araC_fimB(wild-type) (pSB6A1) + fim switch[default ON](wild-type)_gfp (pSB3K3)
(2) PBAD/araC_fimB(wild-type) (pSB6A1) + fim switch[default OFF](wild-type)_gfp (pSB3K3)
(3) pSB6A1 + fim switch[default ON](wild-type)_gfp (pSB3K3) …positive control 1
(4) pSB6A1 + fim switch[default OFF](wild-type)_gfp (pSB3K3) …negative control 1
(5) PBAD/araC_fimB(wild-type) (pSB6A1) + J23119_gfp(pSB3K3) …positive control 2
(6) PBAD/araC_fimB(wild-type) (pSB6A1) + rbs_gfp(pSB3K3) …negative control 2

Fig. 1. Plasmids

Assay protocol

1. Prepare overnight cultures for each sample in 3 mL of LB medium containing ampicillin (50 microg / mL), kanamycin (30 microg / mL)　and glucose (final concentration is 0.5 %) at 37 ℃ for 12h.
2. Make a 1:100 dilution in 3 mL of fresh LB containing Amp, Kan and glucose (final concentration is 0.5 %).
3. Incubate the cells at 37 ℃, shaking at 180 rpm until the observed OD590 reaches 0.4 (Fresh Culture).
4. After the incubation, take 1 mL of the samples, and centrifuge at 5000x g, 1 min, 25 ℃
5. Remove the supernatant.
6. Suspend the pellet in 1 mL of LB containing Amp and Kan, and centrifuge at 5000x g, 1 min, 25 ℃
7. Remove the supernatant.
8. Suspend the pellet in 1 mL of LB containing Amp and Kan, and centrifuge at 5000x g, 1 min, 25 ℃
9. Remove the supernatant.
10. Suspend the pellet in 1 mL of LB containing Amp and Kan.
11. Add 30 microL of suspension in the following medium.
① 3 mL of LB containing Amp, Kan, glucose (final concentration is 0.5 %) and 30 microL of sterile water
② 3 mL of LB containing Amp, Kan and 30 microL of 2 mM arabinose (final concentration of arabinose is 20 microM)
③ 3 mL of LB containing Amp, Kan and 30 microL of 20 mM arabinose (final concentration of arabinose is 200 microM)
④ 3 mL of LB containing Amp, Kan and 30 microL of 500 mM arabinose (final concentration of arabinose is 5 mM)
※ As for C and D, the suspension were added only in medium ① and ④.
12. Incubate the samples at 37 ℃, shaking at 180 rpm for 6.5 hours. (Measure OD590 of all the samples every hour.)
13. After the incubation, take the samples, and centrifuge at 9000x g, 1min, 4℃.
14. Remove the supernatant.
15. Add 1 mL of filtered PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) and suspend. (The ideal of OD is 0.3)
16. Dispense all of each suspension into a disposable tube through a cell strainer.
17. Use flow cytometer to measure the fluorescence of GFP. (We used BD FACSCaliburTM Flow Cytometer of Becton, Dickenson and Company.)

Results
Fig. 2. The histograms of the samples measured by flow cytometer

Discussion

We tried to confirm that fim switch(wild-type) is bidirectically inverted in the presence of FimB(wild-type) by using GFP as a reporter, under 4 different concentrations of arabinose. In the medium with 0 M arabinose, we supplemented the medium with 0.5 % glucose in order to repress the leakage in the PBAD/araC promoter. Fig. 2 shows the histograms of the samples measured by the flow cytometer. In the results of the reporter cell (1), when the induction of FimB(wild-type) expression increases, the fluorescence intensity decreases. From this fact, we confirmed that the fim switch(wild-type) is inverted from [ON] state to [OFF] state by FimB(wild-type). From the result of the reporter cell (2), when the expression amount of FimB(wild-type) increases, the expression amount of GFP in the reporter cell (2) increases. From this fact, we confirmed that the fim switch is inverted from [OFF] state to [ON] state by FimB(wild-type). From the results of the two reporter cells (1) and (2), we successfully confirmed that FimB(wild-type) inverts the fim switch(wild-type) from [ON] state to [OFF] state and from [OFF] state to [ON] state.

The results of Positive control 1 and Negative control 1 confirmed that the endogenous FimB and FimE did not invert our fim switch(wild-type). Also, the result of Negative control 2, indicates that the expression of FimB(wild-type) do not affect gfp expression. The reason the fluorescence intensity of the Positive control 2 is increasing in proportion to the arabinose concentration is described in 4. Discussion section.




When the concentration of FimB(wild-type) increased by increasing the concentration of arabinose, we confirmed that the fluorescence intensity decreased in both [ON] to [OFF] process and [OFF] to [ON] process.

The result of the reporter cell (2) shows that when the concentration of arabinose is increased to 0〜20 microM, the fluorescence intensity increases. This shows the function of FimB(wild-type) inverting the fim switch(wild-type) from [OFF] state to [ON] state. However, when the arabinose concentration is excess (5mM), the fluorescence intensity decreases (Fig. 3). According to [1], this is caused by the excess increase in the inversion rate of the fim switch(wild-type). When the inversion rate is too high, there is not enough time for transcription initiation. Consequently, the GFP expression decreases.



Invertion assay with FimE

Construction

All the samples were DH5α strain with antibiotic resistance to ampicillin and kanamycin.

(1) PBAD/araC_fimE(wild-type) (pSB6A1) + fim switch[default ON](wild-type)_gfp (pSB3K3)
(2) PBAD/araC_fimE(wild-type) (pSB6A1) + fim switch[default OFF](wild-type)_gfp (pSB3K3)
(3) pSB6A1 + fim switch[default ON](wild-type)_gfp (pSB3K3) …positive control 1
(4) pSB6A1 + fim switch[default OFF](wild-type)_gfp (pSB3K3) …negative control 1
(5) PBAD/araC_fimE(wild-type) (pSB6A1) + J23119_gfp (pSB3K3) …positive control 2
(6) PBAD/araC_fimE(wild-type) (pSB6A1) + rbs_gfp (pSB3K3) …negative control 2

Fig. 3. Plasmids

Assay protocol

1. Prepare overnight cultures for each sample in 3 mL of LB medium containing ampicillin (50 microg / mL), kanamycin (30 microg / mL)　and glucose (final concentration is 1.0 %) at 37 ℃ for 12h.
2. Make a 1:100 dilution in 3 mL of fresh LB containing Amp, Kan and glucose (final concentration is 1.0 %).
3. Incubate the cells at 37 ℃, shaking at 180 rpm until the observed OD590 reaches 0.4 (Fresh Culture).
4. After the incubation, take 1 mL of the samples, and centrifuge at 5000x g, 1 min, 25 ℃
5. Remove the supernatant.
6. Add 1 mL of LB containing Amp and Kan, and centrifuge at 5000x g, 1 min, 25 ℃
7. Remove the supernatant.
8. Take the samples, and centrifuge at 5000x g, 1 min, 25 ℃
9. Remove the supernatant.
10. Suspend the pellet in 1mL of LB containing Amp and Kan.
11. Add 30 microL of suspension in the following medium.
① 3 mL of LB containing Amp, Kan, glucose (final concentration is 1.0 %) and 30 microL sterile water
② 3 mL of LB containing Amp, Kan and 30 microL of 500 microM　arabinose (final concentration of arabinose is 5 microM)
③ 3 mL of LB containing Amp, Kan and 30 microL of 1 mM arabinose (final concentration of arabinose is 10 microM)
④ 3 mL of LB containing Amp, Kan and 30 microL of 2 mM arabinose (final concentration of arabinose is 20 microM)
※ As for C and D, the suspension were added only in medium ① and ④.
12. Incubate the samples at 37 ℃ for 6 hours, shaking at 180 rpm. (Measure the OD590 of all the samples every hour.)
13. After the incubation, take the samples, and centrifuge at 9000x g, 1min, 4℃.
14. Remove the supernatant.
15. Add 1 mL of filtered PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) and suspend. (The ideal of OD is 0.3)
16. Dispense all of each suspension into a disposable tube through a cell strainer.
17. Use flow cytometer to measure the fluorescence of GFP. (We used BD FACSCaliburTM Flow Cytometer of Becton, Dickenson and Company.)

Results
Fig. 4. The histograms of the samples measured by flow cytometer

Discussion

We tried to confirm that fim switch is predominantly inverted in the presence of FimE(wild-type) by using GFP as a reporter, under 4 different concentrations of arabinose. In the medium with 0 M arabinose, we supplemented the medium with 1.0 % glucose in order to repress the leakage in the PBAD/araC promoter. Fig. 4 shows the histograms of the samples measured by the flow cytometer. In the results of the reporter cell (1), when the Induction of FimE(wild-type) expression increases, the fluorescence intensity decreases. From this fact, we confirmed that the fim switch (wild-type) is inverted from ON to OFF by FimE (wild-type). From the result of the reporter cell (2), even when the expression amount of FimE(wild-type) increases, the expression amount of GFP in the reporter cell (2) does not change. From this fact, we confirmed that the fim switch(wild-type) is inverted only from [ON] state to [OFF] state by FimE (wild-type). From the results of the two reporter cells (1) and (2), we successfully confirmed that FimE (wild-type) inverts the fim switch only from [ON] state to [OFF] state.

The results of Positive control 1 and Negative control 1 confirmed that the endogenous FimB and FimE did not invert our fim switch(wild-type). Also, the result of Positive control 2 and Negative control 2, indicates that the expression of FimE (wild-type) do not have affect GFP expression.

More information

For more information, see [http://2015.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Project our work in Tokyo_Tech 2015 wiki].

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