Difference between revisions of "Part:BBa K2271105"

Latest revision as of 09:48, 29 October 2017

PEX5 variant R15

Brief introduction

Figure 1: TPR domains of the yeasts PEX5 protein.

Protein import into the peroxisome is mediated by two so called peroxins − PEX5 and PEX7. PEX5 is the protein that is responsible for most of the protein import into the peroxisomal membrane. It detects the very twelve amino acids at the C-terminus and then mediates the import of the protein attached to it. The PEX5 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a 612 amino acid long proteins, that contains seven tetratricopeptide (TPR) regions which are interacting motifs of the receptor (see figure 1).
Figure 2 shows all steps of the import mechanisms. It starts with the binding of the PTS1, then the transport to the membrane, where PEX5 interacts with PEX13, PEX14 and PEX17 which leads to membrane integration and pore formation of PEX5. Then the interaction with PEX8, which is bound to PEX2, PEX10 and PEX12, causes cargo release into the matrix. Subsequently ubiquitination of PEX5 lead either to receptor recycling or degradation. This depends on the degree of ubiquitination − while mono- or di-ubiquitination cause recycling, polyubiquitination causes degradation.

Figure 2: Import mechanism (Peroxisomal matrix protein import: the transient pore model, Erdmann et al. (2005))

Targeted mutagenesis

Figure 3: Workflow of our molecular dynamics approach

The achievement of an orthogonal import into the peroxisomes was our teams most important objective − we wanted to offer a PEX5 variant with the following features:

• Interaction with a new PTS1* signal and no interaction with the natural PTS1 − by implication this means that the wildtype does not interact with the PTS1*
• Full functionality − cargo release and receptor recycling should still work
• Protein missfolding should not happen

We wanted to achieve our aim with the help of molecular dynamics simulations. Therefore, we checked which amino acids of the receptor are interacting with the targeting signal and tried different mutations in this model.

This PEX5 variant was one of the promising candiates for experiments in the laboratory. We ordered the synthesis at IDT and started cloning once we got this part. Our plan for the validation of correct functionality was to tag a fluorescent protein − in this case mTurqouise − with the PTS1* and see if we have right localization.

Usage and Biology

This part should be used in combination with the corresponding PTS1* in a PEX5 knock out strain to obtain an orthogonal import of any protein of interest. With that, one is able to e.g. relocate metabolic pathways into the empty peroxisome. Thus, it prevents interferences, ensures a higher metabolite concentration due to the small volume and increases resistance to toxic substances because of the spatial isolation.

Sequence and Features