Revision as of 10:16, 13 September 2010

Virus Construction Kit

info AT biobricks DOT org

Viral Vectors are modified viruses that are used in molecular biology to transfer genetic material into desired cells. The adventage of viral vectors is that the different viral mechanismns can be employed to transduce the target cell in an specific and efficient manner. This process is called transduction when eucaryotic cells are the target of the gene transfer.

Key properties of a viral vector

Viral vectors are tailored to their specific applications but generally share a few key properties.

Safety: Viral vectors are often engineered on the basis of an human infectious virus. To reduce the risks for people that handle the virus and patient of an viral vector base therapy the genetic material of the viurs is manipulated in a way to knock-out the ability of the viral vector to reproduce. To reach this requirement the genes coding for the production of the viral capsid are often provided in trans to ensure that the viral vector does not contain the information for
Low toxicity: For any use the effect the viral vector has on the transduced cells is important to consider. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytopathic_effect cytopathic effect] describes the effect of the physiology and morphology the infection with a viral particle has. For the use in vivo the immune response that is triggered by the viral vector has to be considered.
Stability:
Cell type specificity:
Identification:

Double stranded DNA Viruses

The Adenovirus

[http://expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/183.html Adenovirus]
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Group:	ds DNA Virus
Family:	Adenoviridae
Genus:	Mastadenovirus
Host range	Human, mammals
Capacity:	35000bp

The Simian virus 40

[]
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Group:	ds DNA Virus
Family:
Genus:
Host range
Capacity:

Single stranded DNA Viruses

The Adeno-associated Virus

[http://expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/226.html Adeno-associated Virus]
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Group:	ss DNA Virus
Family:	Parvoviridae
Genus:	Dependovirus
Host range	Human, vertebrates
Capacity:	4700bp

In the iGEM competition 2010 the Team Freiburg bioware constructed a Virus Construction Kit that makes the Adeno-associated virus (AAV2) available for all users of the parts registry. The Adeno-associated virus is a well studied vector for eukaryotic gene transfer.

Double stranded RNA Viruses

Single stranded RNA (+) Viruses

Single stranded RNA (-) Viruses

Double stranded RNA retro-transcribing Viruses

Single stranded RNA retro-transcribing Viruses

The Lentivirus

[http://expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/264.html Lentivirus]
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Group:	ds DNA Virus
Family:	Retroviridae
Genus:	Lentivirus
Host range	Vertebrate
Capacity:	9750bp

References: 1)http://expasy.org/viralzone/

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 Viral vectors are tailored to their specific applications but generally share a few key properties.
 *''Safety'': Viral vectors are often engineered on the basis of an human infectious virus. To reduce the risks for people that handle the virus and patient of an viral vector base therapy the genetic material of the viurs is manipulated in a way to knock-out the ability of the viral vector to reproduce. To reach this requirement the genes coding for the production of the viral capsid are often provided in trans to ensure that the viral vector does not contain the information for
-*''Low toxicity'':
+*''Low toxicity'': For any use the effect the viral vector has on the transduced cells is important to consider. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytopathic_effect cytopathic effect] describes the effect of the physiology and morphology the infection with a viral particle has. For the use in vivo the immune response that is triggered by the viral vector has to be considered.
 *''Stability'':
 *''Cell type specificity'':

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