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DBAT^G38R/F301V-SnoopT-His

Introduction

DBAT-Snooptag-His consists of the enzyme 10-deacetylbaccatin III 10-O-acetyltransferase (DBAT) fused to a short C-terminal polypeptide tag (Snooptag) and a Hexahistidine Tag (6xHis-tag), separated by interconnecting GSG linkage sequences. The sequence of DBAT which was used, originated from Taxus cuspidata (Japanese yew), with a double mutation of G38R/F301V (2). The SnoopTag is a small polypeptide tag that spontaneously forms an isopeptide bond between reactive amino acid side chains to its corresponding SnoopCatcher (Brune, 2017). This system opens up a variety of applications, utilising the catcher-tag conjugation system for bioconjugation and synthetic assembly of the DBAT enzyme to SnoopCatcher containing proteins.

The Hexahistidine tag is a common additive due to its high affinity for metal ions used in the purification technique of immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). Ni2+ ions were used for his-tag purification due to its high yield.

Usage and Biology

This protein naturally participates in the synthesis of baccatin III, where it catalyses the final acetylation of 10-deacetylbaccatin III. Baccatin III synthesis is a subpathway of paclitaxel biosynthesis, which is itself part of Alkaloid biosynthesis. The mutant however, has been designed to catalyse the acetylation of 10-deacetyltaxol (DT) with a catalytic efficiency approximately six times higher than that of the wild-type. (2) The recombinant mutant enzyme has a length of 440 amino acid residues, a molecular weight of 49,052 Da and an optimum pH of 7.5. (3)

Characterisation

The gBlock was assembled into the pET19b expression vector at the multiple cloning site via gibson assembly with a 3-fold excess of insert to vector <link to protocols>. Gibson products were transformed into high efficiency T7 Express E. coli (NEB) by heat shocking at 42°C and cells were plated on ampicillin supplemented agar plates for selection. Transformants were screened for recombinant plasmids by colony PCR (figure ??). Colonies resulting in amplicons with an observed molecular weight of approximately 1.5 kb were grown overnight in a 5 mL culture and plasmid DNA was extracted by miniprep and submitted for sequence confirmation via Sanger sequencing (Figure ??).

Image

Figure 2. Recombinant DBAT-SnoopT-His gene amplified by colony PCR at annealing temperature 67.6°C and extension time 43 seconds, else as per protocol. 10 uL of PCR product was run on a 1% agarose gel at 100 V for 1 hour using 5 uL of 2-log DNA ladder (NEB) as a standard (Lane 1). Single band at ~1.5kb.

Figure 3. DBAT-SnoopT-His sequence chromatogram.

Protein expression assay

Cells containing a plasmid with the DBAT insert were grown up and a sample of this was used to perform a protein expression assay. Bug buster was used to separate soluble and insoluble proteins. LXYL was not successfully cloned thus could not be expressed.

Image

Figure ?. Protein expression assay using bug buster to determine expression of 10-deacetylbaccatin III 10-O-acetyltransferase (DBAT) as soluble and insoluble form.

Purification

Following the confirmation of protein expression indicated by bug buster gels, attempts were made to purify DBAT.

Image

Figure ?. SDS-PAGE of AKTA purification fractions of DBAT His-tagged protein

Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Soluble protein bands (fractions 4-7) as well as a total protein lysate band at the same predicted molecular weight as DBAR were excised from the gel of purified fractions in Figure? And sent for analysis by Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LCMSMS). This was performed to determine the identity of the protein bands by mapping peptides detected by LCMSMS onto the sequence of DBAT obtained from sequencing data of the cloned insert.

Image

Figure ?. Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis of suspected DBAT protein bands excises form Figure ? protein gel. A: Total protein lysate sample. B: soluble protein sample taken from fractions 4-7.

Sequence and Features