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:[https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_J31004 '''BBa_J31004'''] | :[https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_J31004 '''BBa_J31004'''] | ||
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Revision as of 20:17, 28 July 2008
Contents
Antibiotic Resistance Parts
Introduction to Antibiotic Resistance
The established mechanisms of antibiotic resistance include the following:
- Enzymes that inactivate the antibiotic [famously (a). beta-lactamases that destroy penicillins and related compounds and (b) enzymes that acetylate chloramphenicol].
- Proteins that keep antibiotics out of the cell (by blocking the outer-membrane pores).
- Membrane-embedded channel proteins that actively pump antibiotics out of the cell.
- Proteins (and RNAs) with altered drug binding sites. (Vancomycin resistance comes from a switch in the chemistry of the cell-wall cross-linking peptide). This category also includes mutations in ribosomal RNA -- ribosomes are one of the main targets of both prokaryote- and eukaryote-directed antibiotics.
- Proteins that enable substitution of an alternative metabolic pathway (as in the case of sulfonamide resistance).
Parts by Category
NB Parts listed in boldface are "good" parts ["Available" and (in most cases) "Work"].
1. Antibiotic-inactivating Enzymes
- Plasmids
- BBa_K125000
2. Membrane-blocking Proteins
3. Membrane-embedded Efflux Pumps
- Basic parts
- BBa_J31006
- BBa_J31007
4. Altered Target Molecules
- Basic parts
- BBa_J42010
5. Components of Alternative Metabolic Pathways
Useful Information about Antibiotic Resistance
Links
Aminoglycoside Resistance
This category includes kanamycin, streptomycin, gentamycin, neomycin, tobramycin, amikacin...
http://www.antibioresistance.be/aminoglycosides.html
http://openwetware.org/wiki/Kanamycin
Tetracycline Resistance
This category includes three different resistance mechanisms. Related antibiotics are tetracycline, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, oxytetracycline, spectinomycin. Note that the TetR gene encodes a very popular repressor that is frequently used in synthetic biology simply as a single control element in cells that do not express tetracycline resistance. [Check this.]
http://www.antibioresistance.be/Tetracycline/Menu_Tet.html
http://openwetware.org/wiki/Tetracycline
http://cmr.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/5/4/387