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| | <partinfo>BBa_K1471008 SequenceAndFeatures</partinfo> | | <partinfo>BBa_K1471008 SequenceAndFeatures</partinfo> |
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| − | '''RBS'''
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| − | The initiation of protein biosynthesis is a major determinant of the efficiency of gene expression at the translational level. It is known that the nucleotide sequences around the AUG translation initiation codon act as an important signal to trigger the initiation of the translation event. (Kozak, 1987) Understanding regulatory mechanisms of protein synthesis in eukaryotes is essential for the accurate annotation of genome sequences. Kozak reported that the nucleotide sequence GCCGCC(A/G)CCAUGG (AUG is the initiation codon) was frequently observed in vertebrate genes and that this 'consensus' sequence enhanced translation initiation. However, later studies using invertebrate, fungal and plant genes reported different 'consensus' sequences. (Nakagawa, 2007)
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| − | Although for any protein analysis it is crucial to know exactly which region of the mRNA is coding for protein, prediction of the translation initial site is still an unsolved problem. In eukaryotes, the scanning model postulates that the ribosome attaches first to the 5' end of the mRNA and scans along the 5'-3' direction until it encounters the first AUG. While translation initiation from the first AUG holds true in many cases, there are also a considerable number of exceptions. In these exceptions the main determining factor in AUG choice is the context of the respective codon. (Rangan, 2008) Two decades ago, a consensus sequence for the context of the AUG codon in higher plants was proposed on basis of very limited number of sequences. Joshi and colleagues got the generally assumption that the consensus sequence found (aaaaacaA(A/C)aAUGG) is valid for all plant clades, but Rangan found out that a considerable degree of variation between plants and major between the major eukaryotic groups along with some conserved features. However, the large variability and the periodicity suggest that general structural features rather than precise nucleotide sequence may play an important role in transcription initial site. (Rangan, 2008)
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| − | '''PhyB'''
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| − | Phytochrome B is a photoreceptor protein which belongs to a multigenetic family that goes from Phy A to Phy E, every one of this genes is involved in a different function in the plant. This light-receptor protein is stimulated mostly for red light and far red-light in the spectrum at 700-800nm. Phytochrom B has the ability to absorb the red light in order to be able to absorb the far red light, this happens due to a conformation change in the protein which goes back to its initial state once it absorbs the far red light. The previous conformations are known as Pr which is able to absorb the red light and pfr that absorbs the far red light. Phytochrome B is known to be involved in the seeds germination under certain light conditions, in fact mutants with absence of Phy B does not germinate in the same proportion as the wild type, 80% of the seeds tried to be germinated in absence of light did not show any results.
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| − | '''AGS'''
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| − | AGS linker is a small sequence of aminoacids (3 aa). Its name is derived from the aminoacids components of its chain, which are Alanine (A), Glycine (G) and Serine (S). It's widely used for fusing proteins domains in Tandem-like synthetic constructs.
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| − | '''VP16'''
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| − | VP16 is a transcription factor from Herpes simplex virus that activates the transcription of some viral late genes. In synthetic constructions, VP16 activation domain has probed to be effective at activating the expression of some genes when fused to an adecuate DNA-Binding domain.
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| − | This part may be useful to simplify the designing of synthetic constructs intended to be used in eucaryotic cells.
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| | ===Design Notes=== | | ===Design Notes=== |
