Difference between revisions of "Part:BBa K3750000"
 
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<partinfo>BBa_K3750000 short</partinfo>
 
<partinfo>BBa_K3750000 short</partinfo>
  
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Glutathione reductase (GSR) is a homodimeric flavoprotein (50-kDa subunits). When Glutathione (GSH) neutralises ROS, GSH becomes a radical in the form of oxidised glutathione disulfide (GSSG). GSR regulates cellular glutathione homeostasis by using NADPH and FAD to catalyze the reduction of oxidised glutathione disulfide (GSSG) into glutathione. GSR is highly conserved in aerobic organisms as it is important for cell survival when the organism is subjected to oxidative stress (Carlberg, 1985).
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===Profile===
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In C. reinhardtii, GSR is present in all cellular compartments. This part documents the cytosolic isoform of GSR in C. reinhardtii which is encoded by the gene GSHR1 (Merchant et al., 2007).
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Gene name: GSHR1
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<br>Protein: Glutathione Reductase
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<br>Subcellular Localisation: Cytosol
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<br>Base Pairs: 1482 bp
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<br>Amino acid length: 493
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<br>Molecular Weight: 52 kDa
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<br>Organism of origin: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
  
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[[File:T--UNSW_Australia--GSHR1.png]]
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===Properties and Biology===
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When Glutathione (GSH) neutralises ROS, GSH becomes a radical in the form of oxidised glutathione disulfide (GSSG). Glutathione reductase (GR) regulates cellular glutathione homeostasis by using NADPH and FAD to catalyze the reduction of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) into GSH. Glutathione reductase is highly conserved in aerobic organisms as it is important for cell survival when the organism is subjected to oxidative stress (Carlberg, 1985).
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In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, GR is present in all cellular compartments. This part documents the cytosolic isoform of GR in C. reinhardtii encoded by the gene GSHR1 (Merchant et al., 2007). GR is a homodimeric flavoprotein with a molecular weight of 52-kDa subunits with 493 amino acids. The gene is 1482 base pairs long. GSHR1 has a binding site for 1 FAD and 1 NAD per subunit.
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[[File:T--UNSW_Australia--GSHR1.png|400x300px|GSHR1 catalysis pathway]]
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===Usage===
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As part of the 2021 UNSW_Australia project to combat coral bleaching, this gene was included in our plasmid design along with bifunctional glutathione synthetase and glutathione peroxidase to upregulate glutathione production. Glutathione reductase was used to recycle GSH from glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to enhance the efficiency of the glutathione system and to avoid the accumulation of GSSG in our chassis. Due to limited laboratory access resulting from COVID-19 restrictions, we could not perform experiments to characterise GSHR1, but we hope the information documented would be useful for future teams.
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===References===
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CARLBERG, I. & MANNERVIK, B. 1985. Glutathione reductase. Methods Enzymol, 113, 484-90.
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MERCHANT, S. S., PROCHNIK, S. E., VALLON, O., HARRIS, E. H., KARPOWICZ, S. J., WITMAN, G. B., TERRY, A., SALAMOV, A., FRITZ-LAYLIN, L. K., MARÉCHAL-DROUARD, L., MARSHALL, W. F., QU, L.-H., NELSON, D. R., SANDERFOOT, A. A., SPALDING, M. H., KAPITONOV, V. V., REN, Q., FERRIS, P., LINDQUIST, E., SHAPIRO, H., LUCAS, S. M., GRIMWOOD, J., SCHMUTZ, J., GRIGORIEV, I. V., ROKHSAR, D. S. & GROSSMAN, A. R. 2007. The Chlamydomonas Genome Reveals the Evolution of Key Animal and Plant Functions. Science, 318, 245-251.
  
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===Usage and Biology===
 
  
 
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Latest revision as of 17:00, 21 October 2021


GSHR1 glutathione reductase (from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)

Profile

Gene name: GSHR1
Protein: Glutathione Reductase
Subcellular Localisation: Cytosol
Base Pairs: 1482 bp
Amino acid length: 493
Molecular Weight: 52 kDa
Organism of origin: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Properties and Biology

When Glutathione (GSH) neutralises ROS, GSH becomes a radical in the form of oxidised glutathione disulfide (GSSG). Glutathione reductase (GR) regulates cellular glutathione homeostasis by using NADPH and FAD to catalyze the reduction of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) into GSH. Glutathione reductase is highly conserved in aerobic organisms as it is important for cell survival when the organism is subjected to oxidative stress (Carlberg, 1985). In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, GR is present in all cellular compartments. This part documents the cytosolic isoform of GR in C. reinhardtii encoded by the gene GSHR1 (Merchant et al., 2007). GR is a homodimeric flavoprotein with a molecular weight of 52-kDa subunits with 493 amino acids. The gene is 1482 base pairs long. GSHR1 has a binding site for 1 FAD and 1 NAD per subunit.

GSHR1 catalysis pathway

Usage

As part of the 2021 UNSW_Australia project to combat coral bleaching, this gene was included in our plasmid design along with bifunctional glutathione synthetase and glutathione peroxidase to upregulate glutathione production. Glutathione reductase was used to recycle GSH from glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to enhance the efficiency of the glutathione system and to avoid the accumulation of GSSG in our chassis. Due to limited laboratory access resulting from COVID-19 restrictions, we could not perform experiments to characterise GSHR1, but we hope the information documented would be useful for future teams.

References

CARLBERG, I. & MANNERVIK, B. 1985. Glutathione reductase. Methods Enzymol, 113, 484-90.

MERCHANT, S. S., PROCHNIK, S. E., VALLON, O., HARRIS, E. H., KARPOWICZ, S. J., WITMAN, G. B., TERRY, A., SALAMOV, A., FRITZ-LAYLIN, L. K., MARÉCHAL-DROUARD, L., MARSHALL, W. F., QU, L.-H., NELSON, D. R., SANDERFOOT, A. A., SPALDING, M. H., KAPITONOV, V. V., REN, Q., FERRIS, P., LINDQUIST, E., SHAPIRO, H., LUCAS, S. M., GRIMWOOD, J., SCHMUTZ, J., GRIGORIEV, I. V., ROKHSAR, D. S. & GROSSMAN, A. R. 2007. The Chlamydomonas Genome Reveals the Evolution of Key Animal and Plant Functions. Science, 318, 245-251.


Sequence and Features


Assembly Compatibility:
  • 10
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
    Illegal PstI site found at 556
  • 12
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
    Illegal PstI site found at 556
  • 21
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
  • 23
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
    Illegal PstI site found at 556
  • 25
    INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
    Illegal PstI site found at 556
    Illegal NgoMIV site found at 145
    Illegal NgoMIV site found at 252
  • 1000
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]