Difference between revisions of "Part:BBa K1997000"
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===Usage and Biology=== | ===Usage and Biology=== | ||
| − | Intercellular protein–protein interactions (PPIs) enable communication between cells in diverse biological processes, including cell proliferation, immune responses, infection, and synaptic transmission, but they are challenging to visualize because existing techniques | + | Intercellular protein–protein interactions (PPIs) enable communication between cells in diverse biological processes, including cell proliferation, immune responses, infection, and synaptic transmission, but they are challenging to visualize because existing techniques have insufficient sensitivity and/or specificity.<sup>1–3 </sup> |
| + | |||
However, a split horseradish peroxidase (sHRP) has been reported as a sensitive and specific tool for the detection of intercellular PPIs. | However, a split horseradish peroxidase (sHRP) has been reported as a sensitive and specific tool for the detection of intercellular PPIs. | ||
| + | |||
The two sHRP fragments, engineered through screening of 17 cut sites in HRP followed by directed evolution, reconstitute into an active form when driven together by an intercellular PPI, producing bright fluorescence or contrast for electron microscopy. Fusing the sHRP fragments to the proteins neurexin (NRX) and neuroligin (NLG), which bind each other across the synaptic cleft<sup>4 </sup>, enabled sensitive visualization of synapses between specific sets of neurons, including two classes of synapses in the mouse visual system. sHRP should be widely applicable to studying mechanisms of communication between a variety of cell types. | The two sHRP fragments, engineered through screening of 17 cut sites in HRP followed by directed evolution, reconstitute into an active form when driven together by an intercellular PPI, producing bright fluorescence or contrast for electron microscopy. Fusing the sHRP fragments to the proteins neurexin (NRX) and neuroligin (NLG), which bind each other across the synaptic cleft<sup>4 </sup>, enabled sensitive visualization of synapses between specific sets of neurons, including two classes of synapses in the mouse visual system. sHRP should be widely applicable to studying mechanisms of communication between a variety of cell types. | ||
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The result of the agarose electrophoresis was shown on the picture below. | The result of the agarose electrophoresis was shown on the picture below. | ||
| − | [[File:NUDT-000-1. | + | [[File:NUDT-000-1.jpeg|300px|]] |
===Enzyme digestion test === | ===Enzyme digestion test === | ||
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===Functional Test=== | ===Functional Test=== | ||
| − | This part is tested together with the part BBa_K1997001, in the composite part | + | This part is tested together with the part BBa_K1997001, in the composite part BBa_K19970012 and BBa_K19970013. |
To proof the basic function of our split-HRP reporting system, two devices, containing split-HRP fragments and a complete or split zinc finger protein, were built under control of a lac operon controlled T7 promoter. The complete zinc finger protein was to stimulate a PPI positive situation, while the split one was to stimulate a PPI negative situation. For such assay, E.coli carrying respective plasmid was cultured overnight under IPTG induction. Cells were then collected and lysed by high-pressure homogenizer. Once lysed and ultra-filtrated (to remove small molecules), TMB substrate solution (with heme supplementation) were added into the cell lysate for the measurement of HRP activity. The plate was then incubated under 37°C for 5min before adding the Stop solution. | To proof the basic function of our split-HRP reporting system, two devices, containing split-HRP fragments and a complete or split zinc finger protein, were built under control of a lac operon controlled T7 promoter. The complete zinc finger protein was to stimulate a PPI positive situation, while the split one was to stimulate a PPI negative situation. For such assay, E.coli carrying respective plasmid was cultured overnight under IPTG induction. Cells were then collected and lysed by high-pressure homogenizer. Once lysed and ultra-filtrated (to remove small molecules), TMB substrate solution (with heme supplementation) were added into the cell lysate for the measurement of HRP activity. The plate was then incubated under 37°C for 5min before adding the Stop solution. | ||
| − | |||
| − | + | Value of OD<sub>450 </sub> obtained after adding the Stop Solution showed significant variation between the PPI positive group and the PPI negative group. Thus then validated the function of this part. | |
| − | + | [[File:T--NUDT_CHINA--partsfig4.jpg|700px|]] | |
| + | Figure 1. Evaluation of the Signal-Noise Ratio of split HRP system (A) Schematic representation of the evaluation protocol. The complete Zif-268 protein was introduced to simulate the condition where strong interaction among two proteins occur, whereas the split-zif protein was used to simulate the condition where no interaction exists. (B) Experiment showing the OD<sub>450 </sub> value under two different conditions. Relative OD<sub>450 </sub> value was calculated with normalization of the OD<sub>450 </sub> value. This experiment was run in three parallel reactions, and the data represent results obtained from at least three independent experiments. **p<0.01. | ||
===References=== | ===References=== | ||
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dynamics of cadherin interactions at cell-cell junctions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA | dynamics of cadherin interactions at cell-cell junctions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA | ||
108, 9857–9862 (2011). | 108, 9857–9862 (2011). | ||
| + | |||
2. Feinberg, E.H. et al. GFP Reconstitution Across Synaptic Partners (GRASP) defnes | 2. Feinberg, E.H. et al. GFP Reconstitution Across Synaptic Partners (GRASP) defnes | ||
cell contacts and synapses in living nervous systems. Neuron 57, 353–363 (2008). | cell contacts and synapses in living nervous systems. Neuron 57, 353–363 (2008). | ||
| + | |||
3. Liu, D.S., Loh, K.H., Lam, S.S., White, K.A. & Ting, A.Y. Imaging trans-cellular neurexinneuroligin interactions by enzymatic probe ligation. PLoS One 8, e52823 (2013). | 3. Liu, D.S., Loh, K.H., Lam, S.S., White, K.A. & Ting, A.Y. Imaging trans-cellular neurexinneuroligin interactions by enzymatic probe ligation. PLoS One 8, e52823 (2013). | ||
| + | |||
4. Craig, A.M. & Kang, Y. Neurexin-neuroligin signaling in synapse development. Curr. | 4. Craig, A.M. & Kang, Y. Neurexin-neuroligin signaling in synapse development. Curr. | ||
Opin. Neurobiol. 17, 43–52 (2007). | Opin. Neurobiol. 17, 43–52 (2007). | ||
Latest revision as of 23:51, 20 October 2016
sHRP-N
This is the N-terminal of split HRP reporter. It can be used for protein-protein interaction researches.
Usage and Biology
Intercellular protein–protein interactions (PPIs) enable communication between cells in diverse biological processes, including cell proliferation, immune responses, infection, and synaptic transmission, but they are challenging to visualize because existing techniques have insufficient sensitivity and/or specificity.1–3
However, a split horseradish peroxidase (sHRP) has been reported as a sensitive and specific tool for the detection of intercellular PPIs.
The two sHRP fragments, engineered through screening of 17 cut sites in HRP followed by directed evolution, reconstitute into an active form when driven together by an intercellular PPI, producing bright fluorescence or contrast for electron microscopy. Fusing the sHRP fragments to the proteins neurexin (NRX) and neuroligin (NLG), which bind each other across the synaptic cleft4 , enabled sensitive visualization of synapses between specific sets of neurons, including two classes of synapses in the mouse visual system. sHRP should be widely applicable to studying mechanisms of communication between a variety of cell types.
Sequence and Features
Sequence and Features
- 10COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
- 12INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]Illegal NheI site found at 184
- 21INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]Illegal BglII site found at 426
- 23COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
- 25COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
- 1000COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]
Experimental Validation
This part is validated through four ways: enzyme cutting, PCR, Sequence, and functional testing
Sequencing
This part is sequenced as correct after construction.
PCR
Methods
The PCR is performed with Premix EX Taq by Takara.
F-Prime: 5’- GAATTCGCGGCCGCTTCTAGAATGC-3’
R-Prime: 5’- GGACTAGTATTATTGTTTGTCTGCC-3’
The PCR protocol is selected based on the Users Manuel. The Electrophoresis was performed on a 1％ Agarose glu. The result of the agarose electrophoresis was shown on the picture below.
Enzyme digestion test
Methods
After the assembly ,the plasmid was transferred into the Competent E. coli DH5α). After culturing overnight in LB,we minipreped the plasmid for cutting. The preparation of the plasmid was performed with TIANprep Mini Plasmid Kit from TIANGEN. The cutting procedure was performed with EcoRI and SpeI restriction endonuclease bought from TAKARA.
The plasmid was cutted in a 20μL system at 37 ℃ for 2 hours. The Electrophoresis was performed on a 1％ Agarose glu.
The result of the agarose electrophoresis was shown on the picture above.
Functional Test
This part is tested together with the part BBa_K1997001, in the composite part BBa_K19970012 and BBa_K19970013.
To proof the basic function of our split-HRP reporting system, two devices, containing split-HRP fragments and a complete or split zinc finger protein, were built under control of a lac operon controlled T7 promoter. The complete zinc finger protein was to stimulate a PPI positive situation, while the split one was to stimulate a PPI negative situation. For such assay, E.coli carrying respective plasmid was cultured overnight under IPTG induction. Cells were then collected and lysed by high-pressure homogenizer. Once lysed and ultra-filtrated (to remove small molecules), TMB substrate solution (with heme supplementation) were added into the cell lysate for the measurement of HRP activity. The plate was then incubated under 37°C for 5min before adding the Stop solution.
Value of OD450 obtained after adding the Stop Solution showed significant variation between the PPI positive group and the PPI negative group. Thus then validated the function of this part.
Figure 1. Evaluation of the Signal-Noise Ratio of split HRP system (A) Schematic representation of the evaluation protocol. The complete Zif-268 protein was introduced to simulate the condition where strong interaction among two proteins occur, whereas the split-zif protein was used to simulate the condition where no interaction exists. (B) Experiment showing the OD450 value under two different conditions. Relative OD450 value was calculated with normalization of the OD450 value. This experiment was run in three parallel reactions, and the data represent results obtained from at least three independent experiments. **p<0.01.
References
1. Kim, S.A., Tai, C.-Y., Mok, L.-P., Mosser, E.A. & Schuman, E.M. Calcium-dependent dynamics of cadherin interactions at cell-cell junctions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108, 9857–9862 (2011).
2. Feinberg, E.H. et al. GFP Reconstitution Across Synaptic Partners (GRASP) defnes cell contacts and synapses in living nervous systems. Neuron 57, 353–363 (2008).
3. Liu, D.S., Loh, K.H., Lam, S.S., White, K.A. & Ting, A.Y. Imaging trans-cellular neurexinneuroligin interactions by enzymatic probe ligation. PLoS One 8, e52823 (2013).
4. Craig, A.M. & Kang, Y. Neurexin-neuroligin signaling in synapse development. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 17, 43–52 (2007).