Difference between revisions of "Part:BBa K5378001"
 
(4 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown)
Line 3: Line 3:
 
<partinfo>BBa_K5378001 short</partinfo>
 
<partinfo>BBa_K5378001 short</partinfo>
  
−
PtynA is used to start the downstream metabolic module.And the glutamate synthase(GS) in metabolic module can degrade ammonia into glutamine without harm to the body.
+
Trp hydroxylase-1 (TPH1) are rate-limiting enzymes in Trp metabolism.
−
 
+
 
<!-- Add more about the biology of this part here
 
<!-- Add more about the biology of this part here
 
===Usage and Biology===
 
===Usage and Biology===
  
 
<!-- -->
 
<!-- -->
−
<span class='h3bb'>Sequence and Features</span>
+
<p class='h3bb'>Sequence and Features</p>
 
<partinfo>BBa_K5378001 SequenceAndFeatures</partinfo>
 
<partinfo>BBa_K5378001 SequenceAndFeatures</partinfo>
  
Line 46: Line 45:
  
 
<h1>Usage and Biology</h1>
 
<h1>Usage and Biology</h1>
−
<p>Trp hydroxylase-1 (TPH1) are rate-limiting enzymes in Trp metabolism.</p>
 
 
<p>A small amount of Trp is catalyzed to 5-HTP by TPH (Figure).Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase interacts with the cofactor pyridoxal-5’-phosphate to convert 5-HTP to 5-HT. 5-HT is a monoamine neurotransmitter in the human central nervous sys tem and is also known as serotonin because it can cause vascular smooth muscle contraction when present in the blood. The synthesis of 5-HT takes place in both the gut and brain.Peripheral 5-HT is primarily synthesized by TPH1 in the enterochromaffin cells. 5-HT is subsequently stored in platelets and contributes to various physiological functions, including the regulation of vasocontraction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.</p>  
 
<p>A small amount of Trp is catalyzed to 5-HTP by TPH (Figure).Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase interacts with the cofactor pyridoxal-5’-phosphate to convert 5-HTP to 5-HT. 5-HT is a monoamine neurotransmitter in the human central nervous sys tem and is also known as serotonin because it can cause vascular smooth muscle contraction when present in the blood. The synthesis of 5-HT takes place in both the gut and brain.Peripheral 5-HT is primarily synthesized by TPH1 in the enterochromaffin cells. 5-HT is subsequently stored in platelets and contributes to various physiological functions, including the regulation of vasocontraction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.</p>  
 
<p>We learned that 5-HT can be further converted to melatonin, which further regulates the sleep-wake cycle by consulting the literature.Furthermore, 5-HT in the gut has been reported to be involved in the production of melatonin.</p>
 
<p>We learned that 5-HT can be further converted to melatonin, which further regulates the sleep-wake cycle by consulting the literature.Furthermore, 5-HT in the gut has been reported to be involved in the production of melatonin.</p>
Line 56: Line 54:
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
−
<h1>Functional Verification</h1>
+
<h1>Design</h1>
 
<p>We designed a plasmid that can be transformed into EcN to express tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), enabling the conversion of tryptophan (Trp) into serotonin (5-HT) and reducing excess aromatic amino acids. Since serotonin synthesized in the gut cannot cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or affect central nervous system function, there is no concern about adverse effects on the central nervous system.</p>
 
<p>We designed a plasmid that can be transformed into EcN to express tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), enabling the conversion of tryptophan (Trp) into serotonin (5-HT) and reducing excess aromatic amino acids. Since serotonin synthesized in the gut cannot cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or affect central nervous system function, there is no concern about adverse effects on the central nervous system.</p>
 +
 +
<h1>Functional Verification</h1>
 +
From the figure below, the size of each band of k y agarose gel electrophoresis is basically the same as the size of the target gene, indicating that the plasmid has been successfully transformed into ECN.
 +
 +
<div class="image">
 +
    <img id="image" src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5378/part/tph1-1.webp" alt="示例图片" />
 +
</div>
 +
 
<h1>Reference</h1>
 
<h1>Reference</h1>
 
<p>[1]Daubert, E.A., and Condron, B.G. (2010). Serotonin: a regulator of  neuronal morphology and circuitry. Trends Neurosci. 33, 424–434.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2010.05.005. </p>
 
<p>[1]Daubert, E.A., and Condron, B.G. (2010). Serotonin: a regulator of  neuronal morphology and circuitry. Trends Neurosci. 33, 424–434.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2010.05.005. </p>

Latest revision as of 02:16, 2 October 2024


Trp hydroxylase-1 (TPH1)

Trp hydroxylase-1 (TPH1) are rate-limiting enzymes in Trp metabolism.

Sequence and Features


Assembly Compatibility:
  • 10
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
  • 12
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
  • 21
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
  • 23
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
  • 25
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
  • 1000
    COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]



Usage and Biology

Usage and Biology

A small amount of Trp is catalyzed to 5-HTP by TPH (Figure).Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase interacts with the cofactor pyridoxal-5’-phosphate to convert 5-HTP to 5-HT. 5-HT is a monoamine neurotransmitter in the human central nervous sys tem and is also known as serotonin because it can cause vascular smooth muscle contraction when present in the blood. The synthesis of 5-HT takes place in both the gut and brain.Peripheral 5-HT is primarily synthesized by TPH1 in the enterochromaffin cells. 5-HT is subsequently stored in platelets and contributes to various physiological functions, including the regulation of vasocontraction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.

We learned that 5-HT can be further converted to melatonin, which further regulates the sleep-wake cycle by consulting the literature.Furthermore, 5-HT in the gut has been reported to be involved in the production of melatonin.

After being metabolized by gut bacteria, aromatic amino acids from food can produce monoamine false neurotransmitters, such as phenylalanine being metabolized into phenylethylamine, and tyrosine into tyramine. Tryptophan, through different metabolic pathways, can be converted into kynurenine, serotonin, and indole.

Patients who develop liver failure can not digest those aromatic amino acids properly, and this can lead to false neuro-transmitters accumulation, causing neuro system symptoms.

示例图片

Design

We designed a plasmid that can be transformed into EcN to express tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), enabling the conversion of tryptophan (Trp) into serotonin (5-HT) and reducing excess aromatic amino acids. Since serotonin synthesized in the gut cannot cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or affect central nervous system function, there is no concern about adverse effects on the central nervous system.

Functional Verification

From the figure below, the size of each band of k y agarose gel electrophoresis is basically the same as the size of the target gene, indicating that the plasmid has been successfully transformed into ECN.
示例图片

Reference

[1]Daubert, E.A., and Condron, B.G. (2010). Serotonin: a regulator of neuronal morphology and circuitry. Trends Neurosci. 33, 424–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2010.05.005.

[2] Watts, S.W., Morrison, S.F., Davis, R.P., and Barman, S.M. (2012). Sero tonin and blood pressure regulation. Pharmacol. Rev. 64, 359–388. https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.111.004697.

[3]Chen,C.Q., Fichna, J., Bashashati, M., Li, Y.Y., and Storr, M. (2011). Dis tribution, function and physiological role of melatonin in the lower gut. World J. Gastroenterol. 17, 3888–3898. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg. v17.i34.3888.

[4]Xue C, Li G, Zheng Q, Gu X, Shi Q, Su Y, Chu Q, Yuan X, Bao Z, Lu J, Li L. Tryptophan metabolism in health and disease. Cell Metab. 2023 Aug 8;35(8):1304-1326. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.06.004. Epub 2023 Jun 22. PMID: 37352864.