Difference between revisions of "Part:BBa K1758320"

Latest revision as of 06:36, 1 October 2024

copper activator under control constitutive promoter and strong RBS

Activator for copper induceble promoter copAP under the control of constitutive promoter (K608002)

Usage and Biology

cueR is a merR like regulator, which stimulates the transcription of copAP, a P-type ATPase pump (Outten et al. 2000). CopAP is the central component in obtaining copper homeostasis, it exports free copper from cytoplasm to the periplasm. This is enabled by copper induced activation of the operon transcription via CueR. The CueR-Cu+ is the DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator which activates transcription (Yamamoto, Ishihama 2005). This part was used for our in vivo and in vitro characterisation. The CueR serve in our systems as activator and regulate the discription of sfGFP.

***See below for information about use of the part by Oxford iGEM in 2016.***

Functional Parameters

Sequence and Features

Assembly Compatibility:

10
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
12
INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
Illegal NheI site found at 7
Illegal NheI site found at 30
21
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
23
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
25
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
1000
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]

*****Oxford iGEM 2016*****

The annotation above suggests that CueR is expressed from a constitutive promoter on the bottom strand at the the 3' end. Looking at the sequence reveals that the promoter is actually on the top strand at the 5' end. The CueR start codon begins at nucleotide 62 and the stop codon finishes at the 5' end of this part. All composite parts containing this part are also affected.

Results

in vivo characterisation

Our sensor for copper detection consists of CueR a MerR like activator and the copper specific promoter copAP. The promoter is regulated by CueR, which binds Cu ²⁺ ions. We also used a sfGFP downstream the promoter for detection through a fluorescence signal.

For our copper sensor we used the native operator of cooper homeostasis from E.coli K12. We constructed a part (BBa_K1758324) using the basic genetic structur shown in our biosensors.The operator sequence, which includes the promoter (copAP), is regulated by the activator CueR. In BBa_K1758324 we combined a codon optimized version of cueR (BBa_K1758320) under the control of a constitutive promoter with sfGFP under the control of the corresponding promoter copAP (BBa_K1758321)(figure 1). Through the addition of a 5’ UTR upstream of the sfGFP we optimized the expression of sfGFP and increased fluorescence.

genetical approach — Figure 1: The concept of our *in vivo* copper sensor (BBa_K1758324), which consists of the activator under the control of a constitutive promoter (BBa_K1758320) and the operator and promoter sequence of the copper inducible promoter. An untranslated region in front of the sfGFP, which is used for detection, enhances its expression (BBa_K1758323).

Adjusting the detection limit — Figure 2: Time course of the induction of a copper biosensor with sfGFP for different copper concentrations *in vivo*. The data are measured with BioLector and normalized on OD₆₀₀. Error bars represent the standard deviation of two biological replicates.

In vivo we could show that the adding different concentrations of copper has effects on the transcription levels of sfGFP.

in vitro

For the characterization of the copper sensor with CFPS we used parts differing from that we used in vivo characterization. For the in vitro characterization we used a cell extract out of cells which contain the plasmid (BBa_K1758320) (figure 4), so that the resulting extract is enriched with the activator CueR. To this extract we added plasmid-DNA of the copper specific promoter copAP with 5’-UTR-sfGFP under the control of T7-promoter (BBa_K1758325) to the cell extract. The T7-promoter is needed to get a better fluorescence expression.

Figure 5: T7-copAP-UTR-sfGFP BBa_K1758325 used for *in vitro* characterization.

The results presented in figure 6 illustrate the influences of different copper concentrations on the cell extract.

Figure 6: Influence of different copper concentrations on our crude cell extract. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates.

As shown in figure 6 copper has no negative influence on the functionality of our cell extract. Therefore, a relatively stable system for copper sensing is provided. First tests with specific cell extract and different copper concentrations lead to further tests and normalizations, illustrated in figure 7.

Figure 7: Copper specific cell extract made from *E. coli* cells which have already expressed the activator before cell extract production. Induction of copper inducible promoter without T7 upstream of the operator site with different copper concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates.

Figure 8: Copper specific cell extract made from *E. coli* cells which have already expressed the activator before cell extract production. Induction of copper inducible promoter without T7 in front of the operator site with different copper concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. Data are normalized on coppers influence to the cell extract.

In addition,we measured the operator device under the control of T7 promoter as described before.

Fluorescence was normalized to influence of copper on the the cell extract (figure 9 and figure 10).

Figure 9: Copper specific cell extract made from *E. coli* cells which have already expressed the activator before cell extract production. Induction with different copper concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates.

Figure 10: Copper specific cell extract made from *E. coli* cells which have already expressed the activator before cell extract production. Induction of copper inducible promoter with different copper concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. Data are normalized on coppers influence to the cell extract.

Compared to the former fluorescence levels the T7 reporter device showed higher levels. Therefore, a reporter device under the control of T7 promoter is more suitable for our CFPS.

Contribution from Squirrel-Shenzhen 2024

we utilized CueR (BBa_K1758320) and pCoA, an endogenous regulatory module, to construct a dual plasmid system for detecting copper ions in the environment.

We believe that CueR (BBa_K1758320) initiated by different promoters can lead to varying outcomes for the entire system. Promoters are regulatory switches for gene expression, determining under what conditions the downstream genes are activated. We selected several different promoters from the E. coli genome and replaced the original J23119 promoter in the dual-plasmid system to examine the effects these changes would have on the regulatory system.

We picked 96 single colonies from the plate into liquid LB medium for overnight cultivation. The next day, after diluting the overnight culture to logarithmic phase, we added 0 µM and 500 µM copper ion solutions and tested their fluorescence signals overnight.

We observed that all the promoters exhibited induction strength, indicating that each promoter had some level of activation. The lowest showed a 5-fold induction strength, while the highest reached 10-fold.

We tested the sequences of these promoters using Sanger sequencing, matched them to their corresponding strengths, and established a model between the induction strength and the sequence characteristics.

Refrences

Grass, Gregor; Rensing, Christopher (2001): Genes Involved in Copper Homeostasis in Escherichia coli, checked on 8/26/2015. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, Fourth Edition, checked on 9/9/2015.

Outten, F. W.; Outten, C. E.; Hale, J.; O'Halloran, T. V. (2000): Transcriptional activation of an Escherichia coli copper efflux regulon by the chromosomal MerR homologue, cueR. In The Journal of biological chemistry 275 (40), pp. 31024–31029. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M006508200.

Yamamoto, Kaneyoshi; Ishihama, Akira (2005): Transcriptional response of Escherichia coli to external copper. In Molecular microbiology 56 (1), pp. 215–227. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04532.x.

</html>

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 ===Usage and Biology===
-<html> <i>cueR</i> is a <i>merR</i> like regulator, which stimulates the transcription of <i>copAP</i>, a P-type ATPase pump (Outten et al. 2000). <i>CopAP</i> is the central component in obtaining copper homeostasis, it exports free copper from cytoplasm to the periplasm. This is enabled by copper induced activation of the operon transcription via CueR. The CueR-Cu+ is the DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator which activates transcription (Yamamoto, Ishihama 2005).</html>
+<html> <i>cueR</i> is a <i>merR</i> like regulator, which stimulates the transcription of <i>copAP</i>, a P-type ATPase pump (Outten et al. 2000). <i>CopAP</i> is the central component in obtaining copper homeostasis, it exports free copper from cytoplasm to the periplasm. This is enabled by copper induced activation of the operon transcription via CueR. The CueR-Cu+ is the DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator which activates transcription (Yamamoto, Ishihama 2005). This part was used for our <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> characterisation. The CueR serve in our systems as activator and regulate the discription of sfGFP.
+<p><b>***See below for information about use of the part by Oxford iGEM in 2016.***</b></p>
+</html>
+===Functional Parameters===
 <span class='h3bb'>Sequence and Features</span>
 <partinfo>BBa_K1758320 SequenceAndFeatures</partinfo>
+<html>
-<!-- Uncomment this to enable Functional Parameter display
+<p><b>*****Oxford iGEM 2016*****</b></p>
-===Functional Parameters===
+<p><b>
-<partinfo>BBa_K1758320 parameters</partinfo>
+The annotation above suggests that CueR is expressed from a constitutive promoter on the bottom strand at the the 3' end. Looking at the sequence reveals that the promoter is actually on the top strand at the 5' end. The CueR start codon begins at nucleotide 62 and the stop codon finishes at the 5' end of this part. All composite parts containing this part are  also affected. </b></p>
-<!-- -->
+</html>
 ===Results===
 <html>
+<h2><i>in vivo characterisation</i></h2>
-<h2><i>in vitro</i></h2>
+<p>Our sensor for copper detection consists of CueR a MerR like activator and the copper specific promoter <i>copAP</i>. The promoter is regulated by CueR, which binds Cu <sup>2+</sup> ions. We also used a <i>sfGFP</i> downstream the promoter for detection through a fluorescence signal.</p>
-<p>For the characterization of the chromium sensor with CFPS we used parts differing from that we used in vivo characterization. For the in vitro characterization we used a cell extract produced from cells which contain the plasmid (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758310" target="_blank">BBa_K1758310</a>). The plasmid contains the gene <i>chrB</i> under the control of a constitutive promoter, so that the cell extract is enriched with repressor molecules. In addition to that we added plasmid-DNA of the chromium specific promoter <i>chrP</i> with 5’UTR-sfGFP under the control of T7-promoter (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758314" target="_blank">BBa_K1758314</a> (figure 6))to the cell extract. The T7-promoter is needed to get a better fluorescence expression. </p>
+<p>For our copper sensor we used the native operator of cooper homeostasis from <i>E.coli</i> K12. We constructed a part (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758324" target="_blank">BBa_K1758324</a>) using the basic genetic structur shown in <a href="http://2015.igem.org/Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Project/HeavyMetals" target="_blank">our biosensors</a>.The operator sequence, which includes the promoter (<i>copAP</i>),  is regulated by the activator CueR. In BBa_K1758324 we combined a codon optimized version of <i>cueR</i> (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758320" target="_blank">BBa_K1758320</a>) under the control of a constitutive promoter with <i>sfGFP</i> under the control of the corresponding promoter <i>copAP</i>  (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758321" target="_blank">BBa_K1758321</a>)(figure 1). Through the addition of a 5’ UTR upstream of the <i>sfGFP</i> we optimized the expression of <i>sfGFP</i> and increased fluorescence. </p>
+  <figure>
+<a><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/b/b2/Bielefeld-CebiTec_in_vivo_Copper.jpeg" alt="genetical approach" width="70%"></a>
+<figcaption>Figure 1: The concept of our <i>in vivo</i> copper sensor (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758324" target="_blank">BBa_K1758324</a>), which consists of the activator under the control of a constitutive promoter (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758320" target="_blank">BBa_K1758320</a>) and the operator and promoter sequence of the copper inducible promoter. An untranslated region in front of the sfGFP, which is used for detection, enhances its expression (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758323" target="_blank">BBa_K1758323</a>). </figcaption>
+</figure>
-<p>
-<div class="row">
-    <div class="col-md-6 text-center" style="margin-bottom: 50px"> <figure style="width: 300px">
-   <a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/e4/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_in_vitro_ChrB-part.jpeg" data-lightbox="heavymetals" data-title="Figure 5: To produce the cell extract for <i>in vitro</i> characterization a construct (BBa_K1758310 ) with chromium repressor under the control of a constitutive promoter and strong RBS (BBa_K608002)  is needed. " https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/e4/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_in_vitro_ChrB-part.jpeg" alt="repressor construct used for in vivo characterization."><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/e4/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_in_vitro_ChrB-part.jpeg" alt="repressor construct used for in vivo characterisation"></a> <figcaption> Figure 5: To produce the cell extract for <i>in vitro</i> characterization a construct (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758310" target="_blank">BBa_K1758310</a> ) with chromium repressor under the control of a constitutive promoter and strong RBS (BBa_K608002)  is needed.</figcaption>
-</figure>
-    </div>
-    <div class="col-md-6 text-center" style="margin-bottom: 50px"> <figure style="width: 300px">
-   <a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/1f/Bielefeld-CebiTec_in_vitro_T7-chrP-UTR-sfGFP.jpeg" data-lightbox="heavymetals" data-title="T7-chrP-UTR-sfGFP construct used for<i>in vitro</i> characterization." https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/1f/Bielefeld-CebiTec_in_vitro_T7-chrP-UTR-sfGFP.jpeg" alt="promoter construct used for in vivo characterization."><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/1f/Bielefeld-CebiTec_in_vitro_T7-chrP-UTR-sfGFP.jpeg" alt="promoter construct used for in vivo characterisation "></a> <figcaption> T7-chrP-UTR-sfGFP <a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758314" target="_blank">BBa_K1758314</a> used for<i>in vitro</i> characterization.</figcaption>
-</figure>
-        </div>
-        </div>
-</p>
-<!--Chrom bei niedrigeren Konzentrationen keinen signifikaten einfluss auf das System selbst, erst bei hoher Konzentration zeigt sich das CFPS nicht mehr in der lage ist ein Fluorescence signal zu erzeugen, zeigt, dass einen zu hohe konzentration das System zerstört. die Translations bzw Transskriptions ... sind nicht mehr in der Lage zu arbeiten, also keine -->
-<figure style="width: 300px">
+<figure>
-<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/9/99/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_Influence_of_chromium_on_the_cell_extract.jpeg" data-lightbox="heavymetals" data-title=" Figure 7: Influence of different chromium concentrations on our crude cell extract. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. ."><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/9/99/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_Influence_of_chromium_on_the_cell_extract.jpeg" alt="Adjusting the detection limit"></a>
+<a><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/9/90/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_Biolector_copper.jpg" alt="Adjusting the detection limit" width="100%"></a>
-<figcaption>Figure 7: Influence of different chromium concentrations on our crude cell extract. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. </figcaption>
+<figcaption>Figure 2: Time course of the induction of a copper biosensor with sfGFP for different copper concentrations <i>in vivo</i>. The data are measured with BioLector and normalized on OD<sub>600</sub>. Error bars represent the standard deviation of two biological replicates.</figcaption>
 </figure>
-<p>Chromium’s influence on the cell extract as shown in figure 7 is minimal for low concentrations. Higher chromium concentrations have a measurable impact on the viability of the cell extract, which is visible at concentrations of 120 µg/L and obvious at concentrations of 240 µg/L chromium.</p>
+<figure>
+<a><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/4/4e/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_Biolector_copper_Balkendiagramm.jpeg" alt="Adjusting the detection limit" width="100%"></a>
+<figcaption>Figure 3: Fluorescence levels at three different stages of cultivation. Shown are levels after 60 minutes, 150 minutes and 650 minutes. </figcaption>
+</figure>
-<div class="row">
+<p><i>In vivo</i> we could show that the adding different concentrations of copper has effects on the transcription levels of <i>sfGFP</i>.</p>
-    <div class="col-md-6 text-center" style="margin-bottom: 50px"> <figure style="width: 300px">
-<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/fb/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_induction_chromium_in_chrB_cell_extract.jpg" data-lightbox="heavymetals" data-title="Figure 8: Chromium specific cell extract made from <i>E. coli</i> cells which already expressed the repressor before cell extract production. Induction with different chromium concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. "><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/fb/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_induction_chromium_in_chrB_cell_extract.jpg" alt="Adjusting the detection limit"></a>
-<figcaption>Figure 8: Chromium specific cell extract made from <i>E. coli</i> cells which already expressed the repressor before cell extract production. Induction with different chromium concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. </figcaption>
-</figure>
-<p>The decrease of fluorescence for higher chromium concentrations in chromium specific cell extract is shown in figure 8. An increase of fluorescence at higher chromium concentrations would have been expected resulting out of the induction of the chromium sensor.
-A factor which should be considered is the influence of high chromium concentrations to the cell extract. The test for influence of chromium on the specific cell extract, illustrated in figure 7 showed that the influence of chromium at low concentrations is not significant. But the graphic shows that high concentrations of chromium induce fatal damages to the cell extract. </p>
-    </div>
+<h2><i>in vitro</i></h2>
-    <div class="col-md-6 text-center" style="margin-bottom: 50px"> <figure style="width: 300px">
-<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/1e/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_correction_induction_chromium_in_chrB-cell-extract.jpeg" data-lightbox="heavymetals" data-title="Figure 9: Chromium specific cell extract made from <i>E. coli</i> cells which already expressed the repressor before cell extract production. Induction with different chromium concentrations. The data are normalized on chromium’s influence to the cell extract. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates."><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/1e/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_correction_induction_chromium_in_chrB-cell-extract.jpeg" alt="Adjusting the detection limit"></a>
+ <p>For the characterization of the copper sensor with CFPS we used parts differing from that we used in vivo characterization. For the <i>in vitro</i> characterization we used a cell extract out of cells which contain the plasmid  (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758320" target="_blank">BBa_K1758320</a>) (figure 4), so that the resulting extract is enriched with the activator CueR. To this extract we added plasmid-DNA of the copper specific promoter <i>copAP</i> with 5’-UTR-<i>sfGFP</i> under the control of T7-promoter (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758325" target="_blank">BBa_K1758325</a>) to the cell extract. The T7-promoter is needed to get a better fluorescence expression. </p>
-<figcaption>Figure 9: Chromium specific cell extract made from <i>E. coli</i> cells which already expressed the repressor before cell extract production. Induction with different chromium concentrations. The data are normalized on chromium’s influence to the cell extract. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. </figcaption>
+<figure>
+   <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/0/05/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_in_vitro_CueR-part.jpeg"width="60%"><figcaption> Figure 4: To produce the cell extract for <i>in vitro</i> characterization a construct (<a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758320" target="_blank">BBa_K1758320</a>) with copper activator under the control of a constitutive promoter and strong RBS (BBa_K608002) is needed.
+</figcaption>
 </figure>
-        </div>
+   <figure>
-        </div>
+   <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/15/Bielefeld-CebiTec_in_vitro_T7-copAP-UTR-sfGFP.jpeg"width="60%"><figcaption>Figure 5: T7-copAP-UTR-sfGFP <a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1758325" target="_blank">BBa_K1758325</a> used for <i>in vitro</i> characterization. </figcaption>
+</figure>
+<p>The results presented in figure 6 illustrate the influences of different copper concentrations on the cell extract. </p>
-<p>Taking the influence of different chromium concentrations under consideration measured fluorescence can be normalized on chromium’s influence on the cell extract (figure 9). Normalized data suggest, that higher concentrations of chromium induce fluorescence in relevance to chromium’s influence on the cell extract. </p>
+<!-- Einfluss von Kupfer auf den Zellextrakt, keinen negative Einfluss auf das CFPS so mit kann gezeigt werden dass dieses System relativ stabil gegenüber verschiedenen Kupferkonzentratione ist -->
+<figure>
+<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/37/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_Influence_of_copper_on_the_cell_extract.jpeg" width="100%"></a>
+<figcaption>Figure 6: Influence of different copper concentrations on our crude cell extract. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. </figcaption>
+</figure>
+<p>As shown in figure 6 copper has no negative influence on the functionality of our cell extract. Therefore, a relatively stable system for copper sensing is provided.
+First tests with specific cell extract and different copper concentrations lead to further tests and normalizations, illustrated in figure 7.</p>
+<!-- Induktion mit Kupfer im Kupfer spezifischen Extrakt -->
-<p><div class="row">
+<figure>
-    <div class="col-md-6 text-center" style="margin-bottom: 50px">
+<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/4/45/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_induction_copper_in_CueR_cell-extract.jpeg" width="100%"></a>
-<figure style="width: 300px">
+<figcaption>Figure 7: Copper specific cell extract made from <i>E. coli</i> cells which have already expressed the activator before cell extract production. Induction of copper inducible promoter without T7 upstream of the operator site with different copper concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates.</figcaption>
-<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/b/bd/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_induction_chromium_in_chrB_optimized_cell_extract2.jpg" data-lightbox="heavymetals" data-title="Figure 10: Chromium sensor with alternative repressor build by team Dundee 2015, which has only the first 15 codons optimized in chromium specific cell extract under the induction with different chromium concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. "><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/b/bd/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_induction_chromium_in_chrB_optimized_cell_extract2.jpg" alt="Adjusting the detection limit"></a>
+</figure>
-<figcaption>Figure 10: Chromium sensor with alternative repressor build by team Dundee 2015, which has only the first 15 codons optimized in chromium specific cell extract under the induction with different chromium concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. </figcaption>
+<figure>
+<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/4/4c/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_correction_induction_copper_in_cueR_cell-extract.jpeg" width="100%"></a>
+<figcaption>Figure 8: Copper specific cell extract made from <i>E. coli</i> cells which have already expressed the activator before cell extract production. Induction of copper inducible promoter without T7 in front of the operator site with different copper concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. Data are normalized on coppers influence to the cell extract.</figcaption>
 </figure>
-    </div>
-    <div class="col-md-6 text-center" style="margin-bottom: 50px">
+<p>In addition,we measured the operator device under the control of T7 promoter as described before.</p>
-<figure style="width: 300px">
-<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/fe/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_Corr-induction-Cr-in-ChrBopt-CE.jpeg" data-lightbox="heavymetals" data-title="Figure 11: Chromium sensor with alternative repressor build by team Dundee 2015, which has only the first 15 codons optimized in chromium specific cell extract under the induction with different chromium concentrations. Data are normalized on chromium’s influence to the specific cell extract Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates.  "><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/fe/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_Corr-induction-Cr-in-ChrBopt-CE.jpeg" alt="Adjusting the detection limit"></a>
+<p>Fluorescence was normalized to influence of copper on the the cell extract (figure 9 and figure 10).</p>
-<figcaption>Figure 11: Chromium sensor with alternative repressor build by team Dundee 2015, which has only the first 15 codons optimized in chromium specific cell extract under the induction with different chromium concentrations. Data are normalized on chromium’s influence to the specific cell extract Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. </figcaption>
+<!--obrige Abbildung durch den errechneten Korrekturfaktor angepasst, da verschiedene Faktoren auf Zellextrakt wirken und so diesen beeinflussen.-->
+<!-- Es wurde auch das Konstrukt mit einen T7 davor eingesetzt, es zeichen sich unterschhiede inder Flurescens ausbeute, so mit ist für das CFPS system ein vorgeschalteter T7 sinnvoll zur besseren sensitivität des Systems. -->
+<figure>
+<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/c/ce/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_induction_T7-copAP_copper_in_cueR_cell-extract.jpeg" width="100%"></a>
+<figcaption>Figure 9: Copper specific cell extract made from <i>E. coli</i> cells which have already expressed the activator before cell extract production. Induction with different copper concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. </figcaption>
 </figure>
-        </div>
-        </div> </p>
-<p>In addition to the measurements of our chromium sensor in CFPS we measured our chromium inducible promoter with the repressor of team Dundee (figure 10, 11), which works similar to ours. In contrast to our repressor only first 15 codons of their repressor are codon-optimized. Measurements with their repressor showed tendencies similar to our measured repressor. After normalization induction with higher chromium concentrations showed a detectable fluorescence response for both measured datasets. </p>
+<figure>
+<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/0/01/Bielefeld-CeBiTec_correction_induction_T7-copAP_in_cueR_cell-extract.jpeg" width="100%">
+<figcaption>Figure 10: Copper specific cell extract made from <i>E. coli</i> cells which have already expressed the activator before cell extract production. Induction of copper inducible promoter with different copper concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three biological replicates. Data are normalized on coppers influence to the cell extract. </figcaption>
+</figure>
+<p>Compared to the former fluorescence levels the T7 reporter device showed higher levels. Therefore, a reporter device under the control of T7 promoter is more suitable for our CFPS.</p>
+<br><br>
+<html>
+<p style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold;">Contribution from Squirrel-Shenzhen 2024 </p>
+we utilized CueR (BBa_K1758320) and pCoA, an endogenous regulatory module, to construct a dual plasmid system for detecting copper ions in the environment.
+<html>
+ <div style="display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center;">
+            <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5459/part-registry1/j23119-cue.jpg" alt="图1" style="width: 300px; margin-right: 10px;">
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+We believe that CueR (BBa_K1758320) initiated by different promoters can lead to varying outcomes for the entire system. Promoters are regulatory switches for gene expression, determining under what conditions the downstream genes are activated. We selected several different promoters from the E. coli genome and replaced the original J23119 promoter in the dual-plasmid system to examine the effects these changes would have on the regulatory system.
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+We picked 96 single colonies from the plate into liquid LB medium for overnight cultivation. The next day, after diluting the overnight culture to logarithmic phase, we added 0 µM and 500 µM copper ion solutions and tested their fluorescence signals overnight.
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+            <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5459/wiki/engineering/fig6a-growth-curves-of-96-samples-with-indution.png" alt="图4" style="width: 300px; margin-right: 10px;">
+   <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5459/wiki/engineering/fig5a-growth-curves-of-96-samples-without-indution.png" alt="图5" style="width: 300px; margin-right: 10px;">
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+We observed that all the promoters exhibited induction strength, indicating that each promoter had some level of activation. The lowest showed a 5-fold induction strength, while the highest reached 10-fold.
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+            <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5459/part-registry1/96-ratio-zhuzhuangtu.jpg" alt="图6" style="width: 300px; margin-right: 10px;">
+   <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5459/part-registry1/96-ratio-heatmap.jpg" alt="图7" style="width: 300px; margin-right: 10px;">
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+We tested the sequences of these promoters using Sanger sequencing, matched them to their corresponding strengths, and established a model between the induction strength and the sequence characteristics.
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+<b>Refrences</b>
+<p>Grass, Gregor; Rensing, Christopher (2001): Genes Involved in Copper Homeostasis in Escherichia coli, checked on 8/26/2015. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, Fourth Edition, checked on 9/9/2015.</p>
+<p>Outten, F. W.; Outten, C. E.; Hale, J.; O'Halloran, T. V. (2000): Transcriptional activation of an Escherichia coli copper efflux regulon by the chromosomal MerR homologue, cueR. In The Journal of biological chemistry 275 (40), pp. 31024–31029. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M006508200.</p>
+<p>Yamamoto, Kaneyoshi; Ishihama, Akira (2005): Transcriptional response of Escherichia coli to external copper. In Molecular microbiology 56 (1), pp. 215–227. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04532.x.</p>
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