Difference between revisions of "Part:BBa K3279008"

Latest revision as of 11:30, 9 December 2020

cenA gene fused with INP-N sequence Sequence and Features

This part is an improvement of the previous part cenA gene (BBa_K118023). With the fusion with INP-N, the endoglucanase coded by cenA gene can be displayed on the surface of outer membrane surface of E.coli cells.

Usage and Biology

We created this part by fusing CenA(BBa_K118023) with INP-N (BBa_K3279006), the INP-N fused endoglucanase (INP-CenA) can anchor in the cell membrane and function for surface display. The fusion protein was expressed and confirmed by SDS-PAGE(Figure 1), and the anchoring effect is measured through immunofluorescence staining and enzyme activity assay. (We fused the INP with both CenA and its twin part Cex(BBa_K118022) and conducted similar procedures.

Fig. 1 SDS-PAGE assay for fusion protein, lane 4 and 5

Microscopy Observation

6His tag was added to the original protein CenA sequence as well as the fusion protein INP-CenA as the antigen to be targeted by the primary antibody. Logically, since the CenA-6His is originally expressed in the interior of the cell, we would not detect the fluorescence in the sample of CenA and Cex, while the fluorescence is detectable for INP-CenA-6His due to the cell membrane anchoring effect. We observed the E.coli cells expressing the original proteins (CenA and Cex)and the fusion proteins (INP-CenA and INP-Cex)under the fluorescence microscopy`s 20X objective (Figure 2) and confocal fluorescence microscopy`s 100X objective (Figure 3).

Fig. 2 E.coli cell immunofluorescence staining observation via fluorescence_microscopy 20x objective

Fig. 3 E.coli cell immunofluorescence staining observation via confocal fluorescence microscopy, 100x objective (images are local zoomed)

Under the same condition of 20X magnification and 355ms for exposure, we noted that the fluorescent signals of the unfused protein field are dimmer than those of the fusion protein field on average. To examine it more clearly, we observed the slices with the confocal fluorescence microscopy. The field of fusion protein samples showed that some foci are located on the borders of the cells, while this phenomenon was not observed in the field of the unfused protein samples. But due to the minuscule size of E.coli cells, our equipment falls short when trying to determine whether the fluorescent dot on a single cell is located on the outer membrane surface or not.

Fusion enzyme activity assay

The effect of fusion on enzyme activity was detected by measuring the cellulose degradation ability using CMC-Na as the substrate. We employed the procedures used by UESTC-China 2018 yet under the condition of citric acid-sodium citrate buffer with pH 4.8 and 50 ℃ for reaction temperature. We measured the cellulose degradation abilities of the supernatant of disrupted cell contents as well as the undisrupted cell suspensions. According to the standard curve of glucose concentration, we determined the activities of unfused enzymes CenA and Cex, and fusion enzymes INP-CenA and INP-Cex.(Figure 4)

Fig. 4 Enzyme activities assay (pH4.8 50℃)

From the data, we summarized that the cellulases` activities were not affected remarkably with the presence of INP-N. Also, the difference of enzyme activities between the ultrasonic-disrupted samples and undisrupted samples provided another evidence of the anchoring effect of INP-N. Since the fusion protein is anchored in the outer membrane surface, which would appear in the sediments after centrifugation，the samples of suspension with fused cellulases showed the relatively low level of the activity, compared with samples of unfused ones.

Usage by NFLS 2020

Our team focus on developing a system to turn cellulose into electricity this year. So we use Endoglucanase(cen) to break cellulose into glucose.

SDS-PAGE was performed to ensure endoglucanase(cen) was successfully expressed, and as shown in figure1,Cen protein is in Lane 2-4. Since endoglucanase is 58.7kDa, the band suggested that endoglucanase have already been successfully expressed.

Figure 1. SDS-PAGE result of endoglucanase(cen)

Moreover, Congo Red assay was performed to test the activity of cen. Congo red forms red complex with interacted with cellulose. Therefore, when Congo red and cellulose were both added into the plate, the plate is red. When the cellulose in the plate is degraded into oligosaccharide or monosaccharide, the red color diminished and forming orange or transparent circle around the cell colony. Shown as figure 2, the Congo test was conducted to demonstrate that our engineered strain which contains cen is capable of degrading cellulose. From the result, we can see that together with exoglucanase(cex), cen can degrade the cellulose.

Figure 2. Congo red assay indicates the engineered bacteria contains endoglucanase(cen) can degrade cellulose