Difference between revisions of "Part:BBa K2976001"

Revision as of 04:14, 21 October 2019

Toll-like receptor 1

Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that participates in the innate immune response to microbial agents. TLR1 could form active heterodimers with TLR2 when exposed to some pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMPs), and the heterodimers recognizes plenty of substance in lipoarabinomannan (LAM) biosynthesis with the help of CD14.

Usage

In 2019 CPU_CHINA project, TLR1 is expressed along with TLR1 and CD14 to form the TLR1:TLR2:CD14 cluster on the designer cell membrane. As a Mtb sensor, the complex could recognize the substances of Mtb and then stimulate the downstream signaling pathway. Then, activated NF-κB initiates transcription of the gene circuits to express other proteins in our project.

Biology

After being activated with Mtb, the activation cluster TLR1:TLR2:CD14 triggers NF-kappa-B signaling pathways via MYD88 and TRAF6. NF-κB proteins exist in the cytoplasm in an inactive form because of their association with the IκB proteins. IκB proteins mask the nuclear-localization sequences (NLSs) of NF-κB subunits and retain it in the cytoplasm. Activation of TLR1:TLR2:CD14 cluster cause the degradation of IκB proteins by proteasomes. Then, NF-κB subunits could pass through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and cause the expression of an array of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Similarly, NF-κB subunits also can bind the NF-κB induced promoter and initiate transcription of the downstream genes behind these promoters.

Sequence and Features