Difference between revisions of "Part:BBa K3141001"

Revision as of 01:36, 17 October 2019

Proinsulin secretion; Highly expressed

HPI gene encodes the synthesis of proinsulin.It contains three exons which encodes A chain, B chain and C peptide. Based on HPI gene, we optimized its codon for higher expression in B.Subtilis. What’s more, we alternated a short region on HPI gene to increase its protein synthesis and secretion.

Use of Biology

Proinsulin is a precursor of insulin, a hormone which can bind to insulin receptor in the liver membrane to stimulate livers' convertion from glucose to glycogen. Injections of proinsulin intravenously in animal or man results in a decrease in blood glucose. This means that proinsulin has similar functions of lowering blood glucose level as insulin. In human body, proinsulin is synthesized in pancreatic βcells to enable the downstream insulin secretion into blood. As the only blood glucose reducer, insulin operates mainly through the regulation of hepatic metabolism for the glucose uptake by lever cells[ Paul M. Titchenell, et al:Unraveling the regulation of Hepatic Metabolism by Insulin. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Jul;28(7):497-505 ]. When the level of glycogen reduces and the concentration of insulin rises, liver cells start to increase the uptake of glucose, synthesis of glycogen, suppression of hepatic glucose production(HGP), and the induction of the synthesis of fatty acids for energy storage and further utilization[ LinHV, et al.:Hormonal Regulation of Hepatic glucose Production in Health and Disease. Cell Metab.2011;14:9-19].

Characterization

To test the expression efficiency, this gene is transformed into pHY-P43 and is expressioned in B.subtilis.

Sequence and Features

Assembly Compatibility:

10
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
12
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
21
INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
Illegal BglII site found at 198
23
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
25
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
1000
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]

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 === Use of Biology ===
-Proinsulin is a precursor to insulin biosynthesis which can bind to insulin receptor in the liver membrane, to stimulate livers to convert glucose to glycogen. Injections of proinsulin intravenously in animal or man results in a decrease in blood glucose. This means that proinsulin has similar functions of lowering blood glucose level as insulin. In human body, proinsulin is synthesized in pancreatic βcells to enable the downstream insulin secretion into blood. As the only blood glucose reducer, insulin operates mainly through the regulation of hepatic metabolism for the glucose uptake by lever cells[ Paul M. Titchenell, et al:Unraveling the regulation of Hepatic Metabolism by Insulin. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Jul;28(7):497-505  ]. When the level of glycogen reduces and the concentration of insulin rises, liver cells start to increase the uptake of glucose, synthesis of glycogen, suppression of hepatic glucose production(HGP), and the induction of the synthesis of fatty acids for energy storage and further utilization[ LinHV, et al.:Hormonal Regulation of Hepatic glucose Production in Health and Disease. Cell Metab.2011;14:9-19].
+Proinsulin is a precursor of insulin, a hormone which can bind to insulin receptor in the liver membrane to stimulate livers' convertion from glucose to glycogen. Injections of proinsulin intravenously in animal or man results in a decrease in blood glucose. This means that proinsulin has similar functions of lowering blood glucose level as insulin. In human body, proinsulin is synthesized in pancreatic βcells to enable the downstream insulin secretion into blood. As the only blood glucose reducer, insulin operates mainly through the regulation of hepatic metabolism for the glucose uptake by lever cells[ Paul M. Titchenell, et al:Unraveling the regulation of Hepatic Metabolism by Insulin. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Jul;28(7):497-505  ]. When the level of glycogen reduces and the concentration of insulin rises, liver cells start to increase the uptake of glucose, synthesis of glycogen, suppression of hepatic glucose production(HGP), and the induction of the synthesis of fatty acids for energy storage and further utilization[ LinHV, et al.:Hormonal Regulation of Hepatic glucose Production in Health and Disease. Cell Metab.2011;14:9-19].
 === Characterization ===