Difference between revisions of "Part:BBa K1598003"

Revision as of 21:03, 27 August 2015

RBS-ChAT-6xHis-Terminator This part consists of B0034 RBS, human choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) gene with C-terminal His tag, and B0015 terminator.

Usage and Biology

Choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) catalyses synthesis of acetylcholine from choline and acetyl-CoA. Acetylcholine is a versatile neurotransmitter that has mediates signalling in central nervous system and brain as well as peripheral nervous system. Acetylcholine has been implicated in cognition, memory, and learning functions [1]. Acetylcholine is also a principal neurotransmitter in vagal nerve, which connects brain to digestive system [2]. Acetylcholine released at the efferent vagus nerve endings decreases the excessive production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) [3]. These inflammatory cytokines are elevated in patients with major depression [4] and have been shown to induce depressive-like behaviour in mice [5] and humans [6].

In humans, CHAT expression requires microbiota-dependent signalling and does not begin until microbial gut colonization after birth. [7]. Hence, imbalances in gut microflora can lead to disrupted acetylcholine activity, which has been strongly linked to depression. We propose to explore the acetylcholine-producing probiotics as a solution for restoring the proper functioning of cholinergic system in patients with depression and other psychiatric diseases.

Sequence and Features

Assembly Compatibility:

10
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
12
INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
Illegal NheI site found at 682
21
INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
Illegal XhoI site found at 303
Illegal XhoI site found at 1770
23
COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
25
INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
Illegal NgoMIV site found at 1095
1000
INCOMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]
Illegal BsaI.rc site found at 1765

References

[1] Klinkenberg, I., Sambeth, A. and Blokland, A. Acetylcholine and attention. Behavioural Brain Research, 2011, 221(2), pp.430-442. [2] Lleó, A., Greenberg, S. and Growdon, J. Current Pharmacotherapy for Alzheimer's Disease. Annual Review of Medicine, 2006, 57(1), pp.513-533 [3] [4] Dowlati, Y., Herrmann, N., Swardfager, W., Liu, H., Sham, L., Reim, E. and Lanctôt, K. (2010). A Meta-Analysis of Cytokines in Major Depression. Biological Psychiatry, 67(5), pp.446-457. [5] Larson, S. and Dunn, A. Behavioral Effects of Cytokines. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 2001, 15(4), pp.371-387 [6] Capuron, L., Ravaud, A., Neveu, P., Miller, A., Maes, M. and Dantzer, R. Association between decreased serum tryptophan concentrations and depressive symptoms in cancer patients undergoing cytokine therapy. Molecular Psychiatry, 2002, 7(5), pp.468-473 [7] Reardon, C., Duncan, G., Brustle, A., Brenner, D., Tusche, M., Olofsson, P., Rosas-Ballina, M., Tracey, K. and Mak, T. Lymphocyte-derived ACh regulates local innate but not adaptive immunity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013, 110(4), pp.1410-1415.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 <partinfo>BBa_K1598003 short</partinfo>
+<html>
 This part consists of <a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_B0034">B0034 RBS</a>, human choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) gene with C-terminal His tag, and <a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_B0015">B0015 terminator</a>.
+</html>
-<!-- Add more about the biology of this part here
 ===Usage and Biology===
-<!-- -->
+Choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) catalyses synthesis of acetylcholine from choline and acetyl-CoA. Acetylcholine is a versatile neurotransmitter that has mediates signalling in central nervous system and brain as well as peripheral nervous system. Acetylcholine has been implicated in cognition, memory, and learning functions [1]. Acetylcholine is also a principal neurotransmitter in vagal nerve, which connects brain to digestive system [2]. Acetylcholine released at the efferent vagus nerve endings decreases the excessive production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) [3]. These inflammatory cytokines are elevated in patients with major depression [4] and have been shown to induce depressive-like behaviour in mice [5] and humans [6].
-<span class='h3bb'>Sequence and Features</span>
+In humans, CHAT expression requires microbiota-dependent signalling and does not begin until microbial gut colonization after birth. [7]. Hence, imbalances in gut microflora can lead to disrupted acetylcholine activity, which has been strongly linked to depression. We propose to explore the acetylcholine-producing probiotics as a solution for restoring the proper functioning of cholinergic system in patients with depression and other psychiatric diseases.
+===Sequence and Features===
 <partinfo>BBa_K1598003 SequenceAndFeatures</partinfo>
@@ Line 17: / Line 20: @@
 <partinfo>BBa_K1598003 parameters</partinfo>
 <!-- -->
+===References===
+[1] Klinkenberg, I., Sambeth, A. and Blokland, A. Acetylcholine and attention. Behavioural Brain Research, 2011, 221(2), pp.430-442.
+[2] Lleó, A., Greenberg, S. and Growdon, J. Current Pharmacotherapy for Alzheimer's Disease. Annual Review of Medicine, 2006, 57(1), pp.513-533
+[3]
+[4] Dowlati, Y., Herrmann, N., Swardfager, W., Liu, H., Sham, L., Reim, E. and Lanctôt, K. (2010). A Meta-Analysis of Cytokines in Major Depression. Biological Psychiatry, 67(5), pp.446-457.
+[5] Larson, S. and Dunn, A. Behavioral Effects of Cytokines. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 2001, 15(4), pp.371-387
+[6] Capuron, L., Ravaud, A., Neveu, P., Miller, A., Maes, M. and Dantzer, R. Association between decreased serum tryptophan concentrations and depressive symptoms in cancer patients undergoing cytokine therapy. Molecular Psychiatry, 2002, 7(5), pp.468-473
+[7] Reardon, C., Duncan, G., Brustle, A., Brenner, D., Tusche, M., Olofsson, P., Rosas-Ballina, M., Tracey, K. and Mak, T. Lymphocyte-derived ACh regulates local innate but not adaptive immunity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013, 110(4), pp.1410-1415.