View source for Chassis/B.subtilis Strains

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=''Bacillus subtilis''=
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||[https://parts.igem.org/wiki/index.php/Chassis/B.subtilis_Strains<font face=georgia color=#330033 size=4>''B.subtilis'' strains</font>]
||[https://parts.igem.org/wiki/index.php/Chassis/B.subtilis_Strains/B.subtilis_chassis<font face=georgia color=#330033 size=4>''B. subtilis'' chassis characterisation</font>]
||[https://parts.igem.org/wiki/index.php/Chassis/B.subtilis_Strains/B.subtilis_parts<font face=georgia color=#330033 size=4>''B. subtilis'' specific parts</font>]
||[https://parts.igem.org/wiki/index.php/Chassis/B.subtilis_key_parts<font face=georgia color=#330033 size=4>Key Parts and Devices</font>]
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==Introduction==



== Benefits vs Challenges ==
{| cellpadding="5" border="1" style="background; border: 2px solid black; color:black" align="center" width=95%
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<font face=georgia><center><big>'''Advantages'''</big></center></font>
!width="50%"|<font face=georgia><center><big>'''Disadvantages'''</big></center></font>
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|colspan="2"|<font face=georgia><center>'''Protein Expression'''</center></font>
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| [[Image:Secretion.PNG| 150px]] 
|style="background:#DAFBAA"| '''Single Membrane''' - ''B. subtilis'' is a gram-positive bacterium and contains only a single membrane. This makes ''B. subtilis'' an ideal chassis for secretion of organic molecules.
|style="background:#fedddd"|'''Peptidase activity''' - ''B. subtilis'' express both intracellular and extracellular exopeptidases and so there is a risk that expressed proteins may be cleaved up inside the cytoplasm or in the solution.
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|colspan="2"|<font face=georgia><center>'''Enginnering ''B. subtilis'''''</center></font>
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| [[Image:Gene.PNG| 150px]]
| style="background:#DAFBAA"| '''Availability of Potential Parts''' - ''B. subtilis'' is a highly studied organism, with a fully sequenced genome. As a result, ''B. subtilis'' provides many useful potential parts.
|style="background:#fedddd"|'''B. subtilis parts''' - Although many labs and iGEM teams have looked at ''B. subtilis'' as a potential chassis, there are relatively few working ''B. subtilis'' parts available in the Registry. This however is rapidly changing and soon there will be the basic parts required to make ''B. subtilis'' a highly viable chassis.
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|colspan="2"|<font face=georgia><center>'''BioBrick Assembly'''</center></font>
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|[[Image:Integration2.PNG| 150px]]
|style="background:#DAFBAA"| '''Natural Competency and Integration''' - ''B. subtilis'' has been noted for its ease and efficieny of transformation. In addition, integration of exogenous DNA into the chromosome has been well studied and provides an alternative to using traditional plasmids.     
|style="background:#fedddd"|'''Vector Degradation''' - ''B. subtilis'' does not use all the same vectors as ''E. coli''. One reason for this is that ''B. subtilis'' often recognises vectors grown in ''E. coli'' as foreign and digests them. Vectors and shuttle vectors are thus not reliable carriers of genetic information.
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| colspan="2"|<font face=georgia><center>'''Chassis Properties'''</center></font>
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| rowspan=3 |[[Image:Chassis.PNG| 150px]]
| style="background:#DAFBAA"| '''Sporulation: Transport''' - Under stress conditions, ''B. subtilis'' will form spores. These spores are highly resistant versions of single cells, able to withstand extreme temperatures and pH. These spores are capable of growing into new cells once favourable growing conditions are restored. Due to the resistance of spores, there is a great potential for manipulating them for transporting ''B. subtilis'' devices and constructs.
|style="background:#fedddd"|'''Sporulation''' - Under stress conditions, ''B. subtilis'' will form spores. These spores are highly resistant versions of single cells. While ''B. subtilis'' itself isn't pathogenic, its spores can be damaging if inhaled. They are also highly resistant to many conditions that are used to kill cells.
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|style="background:#DAFBAA"| '''High Motility''' - ''B.subtilis'' is often referred to as a highly motile organism in comparison to other bacterium.
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|style="background:#DAFBAA"| '''Non-pathogenicity''' - ''B. subtilis'' is a non-pathogenic organism that is commonly found in soil. As a result, ''B. subtilis'' has a biological harzardous level of 1 and offers a useful non-pathogenic chassis for synthetic biologists.
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==Commonly used strains==

=====168=====

Subspecies 168 is one of the most commonly used in the laboratory and its specific genome has been sequenced. 

168 tends to be the traditional gram-positive lab worhhorse.

It was used  by the Imperial 2008 iGEM team in teh project Biofabricator ''subtilis'' and proved to be a useful and reliable chassis, being easy to transform, highly motile and generally easy to work with.

=====Py79=====