Biosynthesis
Biosynthetic enzymes catalyze the conversion of substrates to products. Metabolic enzymes can be combined together along with gene expression parts, such as promoters and ribosome binding sites, to construct pathways that produce or degrade useful chemicals and materials. These combinations of enzymes can reconstitute either natural or synthetic biosynthetic pathways. These enzymes have applications in specialty chemicals, biofuels, and bioremediation.
Isoprenoids
Isoprenoids, also known as terpenoids, are a large and highly diverse class of natural organic chemicals with many functions in plant primary and secondary metabolism. Most are multicyclic structures that differ from one another not only in functional groups but also in their basic carbon skeletons. Isoprenoids are synthesized from common prenyl diphosphate precursors through the action of terpene synthases and terpene-modifying enzymes such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Plant terpenoids are used extensively for their aromatic qualities. They play a role in traditional herbal remedies and are under investigation for antibacterial, antineoplastic, and other pharmaceutical functions. Much effort has been directed toward their production in microbial hosts.
There are two primary pathways for making isoprenoids: the mevalonate pathway and the non-mevalonate pathway.
| Name | Type | Description | Length | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BBa_I742155 | Translational_Unit | crtY (lycopene cyclase) with native rbs | 1171 | In stock |
| BBa_I742158 | Translational_Unit | crtZ (beta-carotene hydroxylase) with native rbs | 547 | In stock |
| BBa_K118000 | Coding | dxs coding sequence encoding 1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase | 1866 | In stock |
| BBa_K118002 | Coding | crtB coding sequence encoding phytoene synthase | 933 | In stock |
| BBa_K118003 | Coding | crtI coding sequence encoding phytoene dehydrogenase | 1482 | In stock |
| BBa_K118004 | Translational_Unit | rbs+dxs (1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase) | 1882 | In stock |
| BBa_K118005 | Translational_Unit | rbs+crtI (phytoene dehydrogenase) | 1498 | In stock |
| BBa_K118006 | Translational_Unit | rbs+crtB (phytoene synthase) | 949 | In stock |
| BBa_K118008 | Coding | crtY coding sequence encoding lycopene B-cyclase | 1152 | In stock |
| BBa_K118013 | Translational_Unit | rbs+crtY (lycopene B-cyclase) | 1162 | In stock |
| BBa_K118014 | Translational_Unit | rbs+crtE (geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase) | 922 | In stock |
| BBa_K118025 | Composite | limonene generator with lac promoter | 4962 | In stock |
| BBa_K152005 | Generator | Promoterless Synthetic Operon of CrtE,B,I,Y and GFP | 5412 | In stock |
| BBa_K849000 | Coding | 3-Hydroxy-3-Methyl-Glutaryl-CoA-Reductase from Yeast | 1584 | In stock |
| BBa_K849003 | Coding | bifunctional Cyclase from Gibberella fujikuroi | 2859 | In stock |
| BBa_K849004 | Coding | ent-Kaurene Oxidase from Gibberella fujikuroi | 1578 | In stock |
| BBa_I742152 | Translational_Unit | crtE (geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase) with native rbs. | 954 | It's complicated |
| BBa_I742161 | Translational_Unit | crtI (phytoene dehydrogenase) and crtB (phytoene synthase) | 2430 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K115050 | Coding | A-coA -> AA-coA | 1188 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K115056 | Coding | IPP -> OPP or DMAPP -> OPP | 552 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K115057 | Coding | OPP -> FPP | 903 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K152001 | Translational_Unit | rbs + crtE | 928 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K152002 | Translational_Unit | RBS + crtB | 910 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K152003 | Translational_Unit | CrtY + RBS | 1168 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K343001 | Coding | B-carotene monooxygenase, Produces retinal from B-carotene. ninaB gene from Drosophila. | 1863 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K343006 | Generator | Expresses B-carotene monooxygenase on a constitutive promotor | 2080 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K849001 | Coding | Farnesyl-Pyrophosphate-Synthase from Yeast | 1059 | It's complicated |
Plastic
These parts are involved in the biosynthesis of plastic and specifically polyhydroxybutyrate.
| Name | Type | Description | Length | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BBa_K125502 | Coding | phaB BioPlastic polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis pathway (origin PCC6803 slr1993) | 726 | In stock |
| BBa_K759005 | Coding | phaB (acetoacetyl-CoA reductase orgin from Ralstonia eutropha) | 738 | In stock |
| BBa_K759007 | Translational_Unit | RBS(B0034)and phaB (acetoacetyl-CoA reductase orgin from Ralstonia eutropha) | 756 | In stock |
| BBa_K125501 | Coding | phaA BioPlastic polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis pathway (origin PCC6803 slr1994) | 1233 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K125503 | Coding | phaC BioPlastic polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis pathway (origin PCC6803 slr1830) | 1140 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K125504 | Coding | phaE BioPlastic polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis pathway (origin PCC6803 slr1829) | 996 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K125801 | Translational_Unit | RBS-phaA | 1251 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K125803 | Translational_Unit | RBS-phaC | 1158 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K125804 | Translational_Unit | RBS-phaE | 1014 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K156012 | Coding | phaA (acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase) | 1182 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K156013 | Coding | phaB1 (acetyacetyl-CoA reductase) | 741 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K156014 | Coding | phaC1 (Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) polymerase) | 1349 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K156015 | Translational_Unit | RBS + phaA | 1201 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K156016 | Translational_Unit | RBS + phaB1 | 760 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K156021 | Generator | Promoter + RBS + phaA + double terminator | 1400 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K156022 | Generator | Promoter + RBS + phaB1 + double terminator | 959 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K156031 | Generator | RBS + phaA + double terminator | 1338 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K156033 | Generator | RBS + phaB1 + double terminator | 897 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K338003 | Composite | PHA Synthase Composite, Part 1/2 | 1303 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K338004 | Composite | PHA Synthase Composite, Part 2/2 | 2253 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K338023 | Composite | Plastic Intermediate: phaB1 + RBS | 761 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K338022 | Composite | Plastic Intermediate: phaA + RBS | 1202 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K338024 | Composite | Plastic Intermediate: phaC1 + Terminator | 1486 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K759004 | Coding | phaA (beta-ketothiolase orgin from Ralstonia eutropha) | 1182 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K759006 | Translational_Unit | B0034 and phaA (beta-ketothiolase orgin from Ralstonia eutropha) | 1200 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K759008 | Translational_Unit | B0034 and phaC (BBa_K342001) | 1809 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K759009 | Translational_Unit | RBS-phaC-RBS-phaA-RBS-phaB | 3781 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K759010 | Composite | P3HB producing construct (without a promoter) | 3918 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K759011 | Composite | P3HB producing construct | 3980 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K2783010 | Coding | Phenylalanine ammonia lyase 2 | 2154 | It's complicated |
| BBa_K125802 | Translational_Unit | RBS-phaB | 744 | Not in stock |
| BBa_K156018 | Composite | Promoter + RBS + phaA | 1263 | Not in stock |
|
Norman Wang designed and constructed a set of parts for plastic biosynthesis. | 
|
George McArthur IV and the 2008 Virginia iGEM team designed and constructed a set of parts for plastic biosynthesis. |