Biosynthesis

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Biosynthetic enzymes catalyze the conversion of substrates to products. Metabolic enzymes can be combined together along with gene expression parts, such as promoters and ribosome binding sites, to construct pathways that produce or degrade useful chemicals and materials. These combinations of enzymes can reconstitute either natural or synthetic biosynthetic pathways. These enzymes have applications in specialty chemicals, biofuels, and bioremediation.

Isoprenoids

Isoprenoids, also known as terpenoids, are a large and highly diverse class of natural organic chemicals with many functions in plant primary and secondary metabolism. Most are multicyclic structures that differ from one another not only in functional groups but also in their basic carbon skeletons. Isoprenoids are synthesized from common prenyl diphosphate precursors through the action of terpene synthases and terpene-modifying enzymes such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Plant terpenoids are used extensively for their aromatic qualities. They play a role in traditional herbal remedies and are under investigation for antibacterial, antineoplastic, and other pharmaceutical functions. Much effort has been directed toward their production in microbial hosts.

There are two primary pathways for making isoprenoids: the mevalonate pathway and the non-mevalonate pathway.


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NameTypeDescriptionLengthStatus
BBa_I742155Translational_UnitcrtY (lycopene cyclase) with native rbs1171In stock
BBa_I742158Translational_UnitcrtZ (beta-carotene hydroxylase) with native rbs547In stock
BBa_K118000Codingdxs coding sequence encoding 1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase1866In stock
BBa_K118002CodingcrtB coding sequence encoding phytoene synthase933In stock
BBa_K118003CodingcrtI coding sequence encoding phytoene dehydrogenase1482In stock
BBa_K118004Translational_Unitrbs+dxs (1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase)1882In stock
BBa_K118005Translational_Unitrbs+crtI (phytoene dehydrogenase)1498In stock
BBa_K118006Translational_Unitrbs+crtB (phytoene synthase)949In stock
BBa_K118008CodingcrtY coding sequence encoding lycopene B-cyclase1152In stock
BBa_K118013Translational_Unitrbs+crtY (lycopene B-cyclase)1162In stock
BBa_K118014Translational_Unitrbs+crtE (geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase)922In stock
BBa_K118025Compositelimonene generator with lac promoter4962In stock
BBa_K152005GeneratorPromoterless Synthetic Operon of CrtE,B,I,Y and GFP5412In stock
BBa_K849000Coding3-Hydroxy-3-Methyl-Glutaryl-CoA-Reductase from Yeast1584In stock
BBa_K849003Codingbifunctional Cyclase from Gibberella fujikuroi2859In stock
BBa_K849004Codingent-Kaurene Oxidase from Gibberella fujikuroi1578In stock
BBa_I742152Translational_UnitcrtE (geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase) with native rbs.954It's complicated
BBa_I742161Translational_UnitcrtI (phytoene dehydrogenase) and crtB (phytoene synthase)2430It's complicated
BBa_K115050CodingA-coA -> AA-coA1188It's complicated
BBa_K115056CodingIPP -> OPP or DMAPP -> OPP552It's complicated
BBa_K115057CodingOPP -> FPP903It's complicated
BBa_K152001Translational_Unitrbs + crtE928It's complicated
BBa_K152002Translational_UnitRBS + crtB910It's complicated
BBa_K152003Translational_UnitCrtY + RBS1168It's complicated
BBa_K343001CodingB-carotene monooxygenase, Produces retinal from B-carotene. ninaB gene from Drosophila.1863It's complicated
BBa_K343006GeneratorExpresses B-carotene monooxygenase on a constitutive promotor2080It's complicated
BBa_K849001CodingFarnesyl-Pyrophosphate-Synthase from Yeast1059It's complicated


Plastic

These parts are involved in the biosynthesis of plastic and specifically polyhydroxybutyrate.


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NameTypeDescriptionLengthStatus
BBa_K125502CodingphaB BioPlastic polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis pathway (origin PCC6803 slr1993)726In stock
BBa_K759005CodingphaB (acetoacetyl-CoA reductase orgin from Ralstonia eutropha)738In stock
BBa_K759007Translational_UnitRBS(B0034)and phaB (acetoacetyl-CoA reductase orgin from Ralstonia eutropha)756In stock
BBa_K125501CodingphaA BioPlastic polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis pathway (origin PCC6803 slr1994)1233It's complicated
BBa_K125503CodingphaC BioPlastic polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis pathway (origin PCC6803 slr1830) 1140It's complicated
BBa_K125504CodingphaE BioPlastic polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis pathway (origin PCC6803 slr1829) 996It's complicated
BBa_K125801Translational_UnitRBS-phaA1251It's complicated
BBa_K125803Translational_UnitRBS-phaC1158It's complicated
BBa_K125804Translational_UnitRBS-phaE1014It's complicated
BBa_K156012CodingphaA (acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase)1182It's complicated
BBa_K156013CodingphaB1 (acetyacetyl-CoA reductase)741It's complicated
BBa_K156014CodingphaC1 (Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) polymerase)1349It's complicated
BBa_K156015Translational_UnitRBS + phaA1201It's complicated
BBa_K156016Translational_UnitRBS + phaB1760It's complicated
BBa_K156021GeneratorPromoter + RBS + phaA + double terminator1400It's complicated
BBa_K156022GeneratorPromoter + RBS + phaB1 + double terminator959It's complicated
BBa_K156031GeneratorRBS + phaA + double terminator1338It's complicated
BBa_K156033GeneratorRBS + phaB1 + double terminator897It's complicated
BBa_K338003CompositePHA Synthase Composite, Part 1/21303It's complicated
BBa_K338004CompositePHA Synthase Composite, Part 2/22253It's complicated
BBa_K338023CompositePlastic Intermediate: phaB1 + RBS761It's complicated
BBa_K338022CompositePlastic Intermediate: phaA + RBS1202It's complicated
BBa_K338024CompositePlastic Intermediate: phaC1 + Terminator1486It's complicated
BBa_K759004CodingphaA (beta-ketothiolase orgin from Ralstonia eutropha)1182It's complicated
BBa_K759006Translational_UnitB0034 and phaA (beta-ketothiolase orgin from Ralstonia eutropha)1200It's complicated
BBa_K759008Translational_UnitB0034 and phaC (BBa_K342001)1809It's complicated
BBa_K759009Translational_UnitRBS-phaC-RBS-phaA-RBS-phaB3781It's complicated
BBa_K759010CompositeP3HB producing construct (without a promoter)3918It's complicated
BBa_K759011CompositeP3HB producing construct 3980It's complicated
BBa_K2783010CodingPhenylalanine ammonia lyase 22154It's complicated
BBa_K125802Translational_UnitRBS-phaB744Not in stock
BBa_K156018CompositePromoter + RBS + phaA1263Not in stock


NormanWangPhoto.jpg Norman Wang designed and constructed a set of parts for plastic biosynthesis. GeorgeMcArthurIVPhoto.jpg George McArthur IV and the 2008 Virginia iGEM team designed and constructed a set of parts for plastic biosynthesis.